Morphine Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Reactions Quiz

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What is a common side effect of morphine due to the release of histamine from mast cells?

Hypertension

Bronchodilation

Bradycardia (correct)

Tachycardia

Which gastrointestinal effect is associated with opioid analgesics like morphine?

Constipation (correct)

Decreased ileocaecal sphincter spasm

Relaxation of pyloric sphincter

Increased intestinal secretions

What is a notable effect of opioids in the CNS that may interfere with ventilation?

Truncal rigidity (correct)

Sedation

Euphoria

Antitussive action

Which of the following is a common symptom caused by the stimulation of opioid receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)?

Nausea and vomiting Signup and view all the answers

Which opioid is specifically mentioned for its antitussive (cough suppressant) action?

Codeine Signup and view all the answers

In case of morphine poisoning, what is a common treatment strategy to counteract the effects?

Use an opioid antagonist like naloxone Signup and view all the answers

What is the active metabolite of morphine?

Morphine-6-glucuronide Signup and view all the answers

Which opioid is a selective cough suppressant and has good oral bioavailability?

Codeine Signup and view all the answers

What is the acute lethal dose of morphine in humans?

250 mg Signup and view all the answers

In case of adverse drug reactions to morphine, what is the specific antidote mentioned in the text?

Naloxone Signup and view all the answers

What is a common treatment for morphine poisoning according to the text?

Gastric lavage Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme is responsible for the metabolic activation of codeine to morphine?

CYP2D6 Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is commonly used in combination with paracetamol, aspirin, or ibuprofen to treat moderate to severe pain?

Hydrocodone Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary adverse effect of an overdose of pethidine?

Convulsions Signup and view all the answers

Which opioid is 80-100 times more potent than morphine?

Fentanyl Signup and view all the answers

What is the common use of codeine as a medication?

Antitussive Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of buprenorphine?

~12 hours Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor agonists are being considered for future opioid development due to their potential to provide analgesia without causing addiction?

Kappa (κ) Signup and view all the answers

What are the excitatory effects observed in an overdose of pethidine?

Tremors, mydriasis, hyperreflexia Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes opioids as strong analgesics?

Relieving severe pain Signup and view all the answers

'Visceral pain' is a significant indication for the use of opioids; what does this term generally refer to?

'Pain originating from the internal organs' Signup and view all the answers