Moral Truths Objectivity vs. Physical Objects
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Questions and Answers

Why does Ethical Egoism differ from hedonism?

  • Ethical Egoism promotes altruistic behavior over self-interest.
  • Ethical Egoism prioritizes self-interest over pleasure or pain. (correct)
  • Ethical Egoism emphasizes harming oneself for the greater good.
  • Ethical Egoism encourages sacrificing self-interest for others.

    • Why is the arbitrariness of Ethical Egoism considered problematic?

  • It prioritizes one's self-interest without providing a rational basis.
  • It leads to unjustifiable discrimination similar to sexism and ageism. (correct)
  • It promotes equality and impartiality in moral decision-making.
  • It encourages fair treatment of others based on rational considerations.

    • What is the significance of arguing via a closed ideology?

  • It encourages challenging ideas and beliefs through rational discussions.
  • It hinders meaningful debate by offering explanations that evade scrutiny. (correct)
  • It provides solid explanations that are easily falsifiable.
  • It fosters meaningful debate and allows for open inquiry.

    • How does Ethical Egoism reinterpret motives as explained in the text?

    <p>By attributing selfish motives to all actions regardless of intent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the argumentative move of 'reinterpreting motives' considered empty?

    <p>It adds nothing substantial as it merely fits motives into a predetermined narrative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the case of the two donors illustrate the absurdity of Ethical Egoism?

    <p>By criticizing acting solely out of self-interest without regard for others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the objectivity of moral truths entail?

    <p>Reflecting universal standards beyond personal biases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the objectivity of moral truths differ from physical objects according to the text?

    <p>Moral truths are based on reasoned argumentation, not empirical observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might someone not be taken seriously if they respond 'that's just your opinion'?

    <p>They are avoiding seeking truth and being lazy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ethical egoist consider as the source of all morality?

    <p>Our self-interest and what benefits the individual most in the moment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Does the ethical egoist embrace hedonism (wanton pleasure-seeking)?

    <p>No, because it contradicts the pursuit of self-interest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why doesn't the egoist prohibit helping others, based on the text?

    <p>Helping others is a form of self-interest</p> Signup and view all the answers

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