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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of regulations?
What is the purpose of regulations?
What is the definition of a taboo?
What is the definition of a taboo?
Which of the following best describes customs?
Which of the following best describes customs?
What is the main purpose of moral rules?
What is the main purpose of moral rules?
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Which term describes the action-guiding nature of morality?
Which term describes the action-guiding nature of morality?
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What must moral principles adhere to according to the text?
What must moral principles adhere to according to the text?
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What distinguishes man from animals in terms of moral agency?
What distinguishes man from animals in terms of moral agency?
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What is virtue a perfection of?
What is virtue a perfection of?
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How are moral standards different from non-moral standards?
How are moral standards different from non-moral standards?
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What term describes a situation in which an individual faces moral reasons to take two conflicting actions?
What term describes a situation in which an individual faces moral reasons to take two conflicting actions?
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How does Kant define freedom in relation to morality?
How does Kant define freedom in relation to morality?
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What is the role of freedom in morality according to the text?
What is the role of freedom in morality according to the text?
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How does Aristotle link moral responsibility and human actions?
How does Aristotle link moral responsibility and human actions?
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'Virtue' is described as:
'Virtue' is described as:
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'Moral dilemmas' are situations in which:
'Moral dilemmas' are situations in which:
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'Freedom and morality' are linked in that:
'Freedom and morality' are linked in that:
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Study Notes
Moral Principles
- Moral principles have predominant authority and override other kinds of principles
- Moral principles must be made public in order to guide our actions
- Moral principles must be workable and its rules must not lay a heavy burden on us when we follow them
Moral Agent
- A moral agent is an individual who is able to make moral judgments based on some notion of right and wrong actions and to be held accountable for these actions
- Man is rational, possessing the faculty of intellection (knowledge) and volition (will)
- Man is capable of making choices, judgment, and decisions, and is free and responsible
Rules of Ethics
- Rules of ethics are a set of rules that describe acceptable conduct in society
- Examples of rules of ethics:
- Make direct eye contact with the person you are speaking with
- Do not pick your nose in public and if you must burp or fart say “excuse me”
- Flush the toilet after use and always wash your hands when finished
- Say “please” when asking for something and say “thank you” when someone does something for you
- Dress appropriately for the environment you are in
- Don’t interrupt someone while they are talking
Types of Rules
- Social Rules (NORMS): most commonly defined as rules or expectations that are socially enforced
- Laws: the discipline and profession concerned with the customs, practices, and rules of conduct of a community that are recognized as binding by the community
- Regulations: rules made by a government or other authority in order to control the way something is done or the way people behave
- Taboos: a social or religious custom prohibiting or forbidding discussion of a particular practice or forbidding association with a particular person, place, or thing
- Customs: a cultural idea that describes a regular, patterned behavior that is characteristic of life in a social group
Importance of Rules
- The importance of rules serves as a guide to moral daily living and helps one judge whether a certain behavior can be justified
- The importance of rules serves to maintain civil behavior, be organized, and maintain harmony in the community
Morality
- Morality is concerned with the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior
- 5 Key features of morality:
- Prescriptivity
- Universalizability
- Over ridingness
- Publicity
- Practicability
Moral Agent
- A moral agent is an individual who is able to make moral judgments based on some notion of right and wrong actions and to be held accountable for these actions
- Man is rational, possessing the faculty of intellection (knowledge) and volition (will)
- Man is capable of making moral choices, judgment, and decisions, and is free and responsible
Ethics
- Ethics is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct
- Ethics is the rational study of the meaning and justification of moral claims
- Types of ethics:
- Meta-ethics: examines the nature of moral claims and arguments
- Normative ethics: examines moral standards that attempt to define right and wrong conduct
- Applied ethics: examines specific moral issues
Why Study Ethics?
- It can provide a moral map
- It can pinpoint a disagreement
- Can give several answers
- It doesn’t give right answers but it is only a moral compass
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Description
Test your knowledge on moral principles, including the concepts of overridingness, publicity, practicability, and what it means to be a moral agent who can make judgments based on right and wrong actions.
