Moore's Law and Intel Microprocessors

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Questions and Answers

Which microprocessor was introduced first among the options listed?

Core i9-7900X

Pentium III (correct)

Core i7 EE

Core 2 Duo

What is the clock speed range for Pentium 4?

4.0 GHz

1.06–1.2 GHz

450–660 MHz

1.3–1.8 GHz (correct)

How many transistors does the Core i9-7900X contain?

1.86 billion

7.2 billion (correct)

42 million

167 million

What is the feature size of the Core i7 EE in nanometers?

250 nm Signup and view all the answers

Which processor has the highest addressable memory capacity?

Core i9-7900X Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following microprocessors was introduced in 1985?

386TM DX Signup and view all the answers

What was the maximum clock speed of the Pentium II processor?

300 MHz Signup and view all the answers

Which processor had the highest number of transistors among the following?

Pentium II Signup and view all the answers

Which microprocessor type has a bus width of 64 bits?

Pentium II Signup and view all the answers

How much addressable memory did the 486TM DX CPU support?

4 GB Signup and view all the answers

What was the feature size of the Pentium Pro processor?

0.6 µm Signup and view all the answers

In which year was the 80286 processor introduced?

1982 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processors did not have any cache memory?

80286 Signup and view all the answers

What did Gordon Moore observe about the number of transistors on a single chip in 1965?

It was doubling every year. Signup and view all the answers

In which decade did the pace of Moore's Law slow to a doubling every 18 months?

1970s Signup and view all the answers

What has been a consequence of Moore's Law on computer circuitry?

Increased operating speed. Signup and view all the answers

What was the clock speed of the 8008 microprocessor introduced in 1972?

108 kHz Signup and view all the answers

Which microprocessor was introduced first among the following?

4004 Signup and view all the answers

How did the addressable memory capacity change from the 8008 to the 8080 microprocessors?

Increased from 16 KB to 64 KB. Signup and view all the answers

Which microprocessor had a bus width of 16 bits?

8086 Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of computer circuitry has significantly fallen as a consequence of Moore’s Law?

Cost per transistor. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Moore’s Law

Gordon Moore observed that the number of transistors on a single integrated circuit doubles every year.
This was observed in 1965.
In the 1970's the pace of doubling slowed to every 18 months and has remained consistent since.
Moore's Law has resulted in reductions in the cost of computer logic and memory
It also resulted in smaller and more efficient circuitry.
Electrical path lengths have shortened, which enabled smaller components and easier use in varied environments.
The power and cooling requirements have also been reduced and inter-chip connections are fewer.

Evolution of Intel Microprocessors

1970s:
- 4004: Introduced in 1971, with 2,300 transistors, a clock speed of 108kHz and 4-bit bus width.
- 8008: Introduced in 1972, with 3,500 transistors, a clock speed of 108kHz and 8-bit bus width.
- 8080: Introduced in 1974, with 6,000 transistors, a clock speed of 2MHz and 8-bit bus width.
- 8086: Introduced in 1978, with 29,000 transistors, a clock speed of 2MHz, 8MHz, and 10MHz, and 16-bit bus width.
- 8088: Introduced in 1979, with 29,000 transistors, a clock speed of 5MHz and 8MHz, and 8-bit bus width.
1980s:
- 80286: Introduced in 1982, with 134,000 transistors, a clock speed of 6–12.5 MHz, and 16-bit bus width.
- 386TM DX: Introduced in 1985, with 275,000 transistors, a clock speed of 16–33 MHz, 32-bit bus width.
- 386TM SX: Introduced in 1988, with 275,000 transistors, a clock speed of 16–33 MHz, 16-bit bus width.
- 486TM DX: Introduced in 1989, with 1.2 million transistors, clock speed of 25–50 MHz, and 32-bit bus width.
1990s:
- 486TM SX: Introduced in 1991, with 1.185 million transistors, a clock speed of 16–33 MHz, 32-bit bus width.
- Pentium: Introduced in 1993, with 3.1 million transistors, a clock speed of 60–166 MHz, 32-bit bus width.
- Pentium Pro: Introduced in 1995, with 5.5 million transistors, a clock speed of 150–200 MHz, 64-bit bus width.
- Pentium II: Introduced in 1997, with 7.5 million transistors, a clock speed of 200–300 MHz, 64-bit bus width.
Recent Processors:
- Pentium III: Introduced in 1999, with 9.5 million transistors, a clock speed of 450–660 MHz, 64-bit bus width.
- Pentium IV: Introduced in 2000, with 42 million transistors, a clock speed of 1.3-1.8 GHz, 64-bit bus width.
- Core 2 Duo: Introduced in 2006, with 167 million transistors, a clock speed of 1.06–1.2 GHz, 64-bit bus width.
- Core i7 EE: Introduced in 2013, with 1.86 billion transistors, a clock speed of 4 GHz, 64-bit bus width.
- Core i9- 4960X: Introduced in 2017, with 7.2 billion transistors, a clock speed of 4.3 GHz, 64-bit bus width.

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Description

Explore the significant observations of Moore's Law, which predicted the doubling of transistors on integrated circuits. Delve into the evolution of Intel's microprocessors from the 1970s, focusing on their technological advancements and impact on computing efficiency.