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Questions and Answers
What is the characteristic of persistent depressive (dysthymic) disorder?
What is the characteristic of persistent depressive (dysthymic) disorder?
- Loss of appetite and insomnia (correct)
- Severe, recurrent temper outbursts
- Mood swings between hypomania and depression
- Weight gain and carbohydrate cravings
What is disruptive mood dysregulation disorder characterized by?
What is disruptive mood dysregulation disorder characterized by?
- Insomnia and poor appetite
- Severe, recurrent temper outbursts (correct)
- Mood swings between hypomania and depression
- Increased sleep and carbohydrate cravings
What distinguishes cyclothymic disorder?
What distinguishes cyclothymic disorder?
- Severe, recurrent temper outbursts
- Mood swings between hypomania and depression (correct)
- Insomnia and poor appetite
- Weight gain and carbohydrate cravings
What characterizes substance-induced depressive or bipolar disorder?
What characterizes substance-induced depressive or bipolar disorder?
What are the symptoms of winter depression or fall-onset seasonal affective disorder (SAD)?
What are the symptoms of winter depression or fall-onset seasonal affective disorder (SAD)?
What are the symptoms of spring-onset seasonal affective disorder (SAD)?
What are the symptoms of spring-onset seasonal affective disorder (SAD)?
Which neurotransmitter seems to be implicated in depression and mania?
Which neurotransmitter seems to be implicated in depression and mania?
What is associated with the stress response and increased cortisol secretion in clients with depression?
What is associated with the stress response and increased cortisol secretion in clients with depression?
What hormonal fluctuations are being studied in relation to depression?
What hormonal fluctuations are being studied in relation to depression?
What psychodynamic theory views manic episodes as a 'defense' against underlying depression?
What psychodynamic theory views manic episodes as a 'defense' against underlying depression?
What is a result of specific cognitive distortions in susceptible people?
What is a result of specific cognitive distortions in susceptible people?
What behaviors can mask depression in certain age groups?
What behaviors can mask depression in certain age groups?
What manifestations of depression can be seen in adults?
What manifestations of depression can be seen in adults?
What may be more apparent in cultures that avoid verbalizing emotions?
What may be more apparent in cultures that avoid verbalizing emotions?
What is associated with postpartum hormone alterations?
What is associated with postpartum hormone alterations?
What is associated with about 5% to 10% of people with depression?
What is associated with about 5% to 10% of people with depression?
What is the most common pregnancy complication in developed countries?
What is the most common pregnancy complication in developed countries?
Which mood disorder affects 20-30% of premenopausal women and causes severe dysfunction in social or occupational functioning?
Which mood disorder affects 20-30% of premenopausal women and causes severe dysfunction in social or occupational functioning?
What is the characteristic of nonsuicidal self-injury?
What is the characteristic of nonsuicidal self-injury?
What is implicated in the transmission of major depression and bipolar disorder in first-degree relatives?
What is implicated in the transmission of major depression and bipolar disorder in first-degree relatives?
Which neurotransmitters play a role in mood disorders, with deficits or dysregulation contributing to depression and mania?
Which neurotransmitters play a role in mood disorders, with deficits or dysregulation contributing to depression and mania?
What is the characteristic of postpartum or “maternity” blues?
What is the characteristic of postpartum or “maternity” blues?
What is the characteristic of postpartum psychosis?
What is the characteristic of postpartum psychosis?
What is implicated in the genetic overlap between early-onset bipolar disorder and early-onset alcoholism?
What is implicated in the genetic overlap between early-onset bipolar disorder and early-onset alcoholism?
What is implicated in the etiology of mood disorders, triggered by psychosocial stressors and interpersonal events?
What is implicated in the etiology of mood disorders, triggered by psychosocial stressors and interpersonal events?
What is being studied in relation to mood disorders, particularly in terms of reduced metabolism in the prefrontal cortex and dysregulation of acetylcholine and dopamine?
What is being studied in relation to mood disorders, particularly in terms of reduced metabolism in the prefrontal cortex and dysregulation of acetylcholine and dopamine?
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Study Notes
Mood Disorders and Their Treatment
- Postpartum or “maternity” blues is a mild mood disturbance occurring after delivery, subsiding without treatment but benefiting from support.
- Postpartum depression is the most common pregnancy complication in developed countries, with symptoms consistent with depression, occurring within 4 weeks of delivery.
- Postpartum psychosis is a severe psychiatric illness with acute onset after childbirth, progressing to delusions and hallucinations, requiring immediate treatment.
- Premenstrual dysphoric disorder affects 20-30% of premenopausal women, causing severe dysfunction in social or occupational functioning.
- Nonsuicidal self-injury involves deliberate self-harm, with reasons including alleviation of negative emotions or seeking attention.
- Etiology of mood disorders includes chemical biologic imbalances, triggered by psychosocial stressors and interpersonal events, requiring treatment addressing both components.
- Genetic studies implicate the transmission of major depression and bipolar disorder in first-degree relatives, with monozygotic twins having a higher concordance rate than dizygotic twins.
- Genetic overlap between early-onset bipolar disorder and early-onset alcoholism leads to more severe symptoms and poorer response to lithium.
- Neurochemical influences of neurotransmitters, particularly serotonin and norepinephrine, play a role in mood disorders, with deficits or dysregulation contributing to depression and mania.
- Reduced metabolism in the prefrontal cortex and dysregulation of acetylcholine and dopamine are also being studied in relation to mood disorders.
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