Monosaccharides and Carbohydrate Reactions

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic ratio of atoms found in monosaccharides?

1 oxygen atom for every 2 carbon atoms

1 hydrogen atom for every carbon atom

1 oxygen atom for every carbon atom

1 oxygen atom for every 2 hydrogen atoms (correct)

Which of the following statements best describes monosaccharides?

Monosaccharides are complex carbohydrates.

Monosaccharides can contain multiple rings in their structure.

Monosaccharides are simple sugars. (correct)

Monosaccharides have more oxygen atoms than hydrogen atoms.

In a monosaccharide molecule, how many hydrogen atoms are there per carbon atom?

Two (correct)

Three

Four

One

Which molecular composition is NOT found in monosaccharides?

One nitrogen atom Signup and view all the answers

What is the simplest form of carbohydrate?

Monosaccharides Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reaction that occurs with strong alkalis according to the content?

Polymerization Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is represented by the formula CH=N-NH-Ph in the reaction?

Hydrazone Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of weak alkalis in relation to the compounds mentioned?

Facilitate isomerization Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic product of the reaction involving phenyl hydrazine?

Ozazone crystals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the overall result of the reaction involving phenyl hydrazine and sugar?

Synthesis of ozazone Signup and view all the answers

Which two molecules form maltose?

Two α-glucose molecules Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction leads to the formation of sucrose?

Condensation reaction between glucose and fructose Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the furfural test?

To differentiate between pentoses and hexoses Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond joins the two glucose molecules in maltose?

Glycosidic bond Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected result when pentoses undergo the furfural test?

Red color Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sugars would yield a negative result in the furfural test?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes maltose?

It is a disaccharide formed from two glucose molecules. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sugars is not involved in the formation of maltose?

Galactose Signup and view all the answers

What reagents are involved in conducting the furfural test?

Concentrated acid and heat Signup and view all the answers

In the furfural test, what substance is used to observe the resulting color?

Aniline acetate paper Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular formula for D-Galactose?

C6H12O6 Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is a derivative of D-Galactose?

Mucic acid Signup and view all the answers

What functional group is present in D-Galactose?

Hydroxyl group Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following acids is associated with D-Galactose?

D-Galactaric acid Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about Mucic acid?

It is a derivative of D-Galactose. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Monosaccharides

Monosaccharides contain one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom.
Maltose is formed from two α-glucose molecules linked by a glycosidic bond.
Sucrose is formed by the condensation reaction of glucose and fructose.
D-Galactaric acid (Mucic acid) can be formed from D-Galactose through oxidation with nitric acid.

Furfural Test

The furfural test differentiates between pentoses and hexoses.
Pentoses react with concentrated acid and heat, producing vapors that turn aniline acetate paper red.
Hexoses give a negative result for the furfural test.
The reaction of a sugar with phenylhydrazine and HCl produces characteristic ozazone crystals.

Effect of Alkalis

Strong alkalis cause polymerization of carbohydrates.
Weak alkalis lead to isomerization of carbohydrates.

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts related to monosaccharides, their formation, and reactions including the furfural test. Additionally, it explores the effects of alkalis on carbohydrates. Test your knowledge on these fundamental biochemical topics.