Podcast
Questions and Answers
What name is given to a cross involving only one trait?
What name is given to a cross involving only one trait?
- Polygenic cross
- Monohybrid cross (correct)
- Dihybrid cross
- Test cross
Which of the following best describes Gregor Mendel's significant contribution to the field of genetics?
Which of the following best describes Gregor Mendel's significant contribution to the field of genetics?
- He discovered the structure of DNA.
- He formulated the basic principles of heredity through experimentation with pea plants. (correct)
- He proposed the concept of natural selection.
- He developed the theory of acquired characteristics.
What is the distinction between genotype and phenotype?
What is the distinction between genotype and phenotype?
- Genotype refers to recessive traits, while phenotype refers to dominant traits.
- Genotype refers to dominant traits, while phenotype refers to recessive traits.
- Genotype is the genetic makeup, while phenotype is the physical appearance. (correct)
- Genotype is the physical appearance, while phenotype is the genetic makeup.
In pea plants, round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (r). If a heterozygous plant (Rr) is self-pollinated, what is the probability of the offspring having wrinkled seeds?
In pea plants, round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (r). If a heterozygous plant (Rr) is self-pollinated, what is the probability of the offspring having wrinkled seeds?
In humans, brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue eyes (b). An individual with the genotype Bb would exhibit which phenotype?
In humans, brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue eyes (b). An individual with the genotype Bb would exhibit which phenotype?
In mice, black coat (G) is dominant to white coat (g). What phenotype would you expect from a mouse with the genotype gg?
In mice, black coat (G) is dominant to white coat (g). What phenotype would you expect from a mouse with the genotype gg?
In pea plants, tall (T) is dominant to short (t). What is the phenotype of a pea plant with the genotype Tt?
In pea plants, tall (T) is dominant to short (t). What is the phenotype of a pea plant with the genotype Tt?
If 'short plant' is 'tt', what is the genotype for a 'purebred round seed', given that round seeds are dominant (R) and wrinkled seeds are recessive (r)?
If 'short plant' is 'tt', what is the genotype for a 'purebred round seed', given that round seeds are dominant (R) and wrinkled seeds are recessive (r)?
Considering coat color in mice, where black (G) is dominant to white (g), what is the genotype for white mice?
Considering coat color in mice, where black (G) is dominant to white (g), what is the genotype for white mice?
What is the genotype for a 'homozygous blonde hair' individual, given that brown hair (F) is dominant to blonde hair (f)?
What is the genotype for a 'homozygous blonde hair' individual, given that brown hair (F) is dominant to blonde hair (f)?
What is the genotype for a 'hybrid round seed', assuming round seeds (R) are dominant and wrinkled seeds (r) are recessive?
What is the genotype for a 'hybrid round seed', assuming round seeds (R) are dominant and wrinkled seeds (r) are recessive?
Why are disorders that are X-linked more likely to affect males than females?
Why are disorders that are X-linked more likely to affect males than females?
What was Thomas Hunt Morgan's major contribution to genetics?
What was Thomas Hunt Morgan's major contribution to genetics?
Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of analyzing pedigrees in genetics?
Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of analyzing pedigrees in genetics?
In pedigree analysis, what does a shaded or filled symbol typically represent?
In pedigree analysis, what does a shaded or filled symbol typically represent?
If a pedigree shows that a particular trait skips generations and appears more frequently in males than females, what type of inheritance is most likely?
If a pedigree shows that a particular trait skips generations and appears more frequently in males than females, what type of inheritance is most likely?
In a pedigree, if two unaffected parents have an affected child, what can you conclude about the mode of inheritance?
In a pedigree, if two unaffected parents have an affected child, what can you conclude about the mode of inheritance?
Consider a pedigree where a trait appears in every generation, and affected individuals have at least one affected parent. What mode of inheritance is most likely?
Consider a pedigree where a trait appears in every generation, and affected individuals have at least one affected parent. What mode of inheritance is most likely?
In a pedigree analysis, what does a circle typically represent?
In a pedigree analysis, what does a circle typically represent?
How can you distinguish between autosomal dominant and X-linked dominant inheritance patterns in a pedigree?
How can you distinguish between autosomal dominant and X-linked dominant inheritance patterns in a pedigree?
Flashcards
What is a monohybrid?
What is a monohybrid?
A cross involving a single trait.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
Who is Gregor Mendel?
Father of modern genetics; discovered the basic principles of heredity through pea plant experiments.
What is a Genotype?
What is a Genotype?
An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.
What is a Phenotype?
What is a Phenotype?
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Phenotype of Bb (Human)
Phenotype of Bb (Human)
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Phenotype of gg (Mice)
Phenotype of gg (Mice)
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Phenotype of rr (Pea Plant)
Phenotype of rr (Pea Plant)
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Phenotype of SS (Mice)
Phenotype of SS (Mice)
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Phenotype of RR (Pea Plant)
Phenotype of RR (Pea Plant)
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Phenotype of Tt (Pea Plant)
Phenotype of Tt (Pea Plant)
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Genotype for short pea plant
Genotype for short pea plant
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Genotype for purebred round seeds
Genotype for purebred round seeds
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Genotype for homozygous black mice
Genotype for homozygous black mice
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Genotype for white mice
Genotype for white mice
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Genotype for homozygous blonde hair
Genotype for homozygous blonde hair
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Genotype for heterozygous eye color_
Genotype for heterozygous eye color_
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Genotype for hybrid long tail
Genotype for hybrid long tail
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Why are X-linked disorders more likely to affect males than females?
Why are X-linked disorders more likely to affect males than females?
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What do pedigrees describe?
What do pedigrees describe?
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Study Notes
- A monohybrid cross involves the study of inheritance patterns of a single gene.
- Gregor Mendel contributed significantly to the field of genetics.
- Mendel conducted experiments involving pea plants to determine how traits are inherited.
- Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism.
- Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics of an organism.
Human Traits
- Brown eyes are dominant (B), while blue eyes are recessive (b).
- Brown hair is dominant (F), while blonde hair is recessive (f).
Pea Plant Traits
- Round seeds are dominant (R), while wrinkled seeds are recessive (r).
- Tall plants are dominant (T), while short plants are recessive (t).
Mice Traits
- Black coat is dominant (G), while white coat is recessive (g).
- Long tail is dominant (S), while short tail is recessive (s).
Phenotype Examples
- Bb genotype results in the brown eyes phenotype.
- gg genotype results in the white coat phenotype.
- rr genotype results in the wrinkled seeds phenotype.
- SS genotype results in the long tail phenotype.
- RR genotype results in the round seeds phenotype.
- Tt genotype results in the tall plant phenotype.
Genotype Examples
- Short pea plant: tt
- Purebred round seeds: RR
- Homozygous black mice: GG
- Hybrid round seed: Rr
- White mice: gg
- Homozygous blonde hair: ff
- Heterozygous eye color: can't be determined
- Hybrid Long tail: Ss
X-Linked Traits
- Disorders linked to the X chromosome are more likely to affect males because they only have one X chromosome.
- Thomas Hunt Morgan contributed to genetics through his work with fruit flies, providing evidence for the chromosomal theory of inheritance.
Pedigrees
- Pedigrees are used to label the genotypes of individuals and identify the type of inheritance pattern, such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked.
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