Monitors: LCD vs CRT
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Questions and Answers

Which type of monitor is typically thinner and referred to as a flat-panel display?

  • CRT
  • DLP
  • LCD (correct)
  • Plasma

    • A desktop computer is normally used in portable settings such as on an airplane.

    False

    What does UPS stand for in the context of computer power management?

    Uninterruptible Power Supply

    The first computer 'bug' found by Grace Hopper was a dead _____ that blocked the readings.

    <p>moth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of personal computer?

    <p>Calculator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components with their primary function:

    <p>Power Cord = Connects to power outlet Mouse = Pointing device Keyboard = Data input UPS = Surge protection and backup power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Grace Hopper coined the term 'debugging' to refer to the process of fixing program faults.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one advantage of laptop computers over desktop computers.

    <p>Portability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The operating system (OS) is the most important _____ that runs on a computer.

    <p>software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which voltage is generally used for older types of serial port amplifier circuits?

    <p>-12V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The +5V voltage is no longer used to supply motherboards.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the feedback controller in the transformer setup?

    <p>To adjust the power output based on the load.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The zero-volt ground is also called __________.

    <p>common or earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of connector is the MOLEX?

    <p>4-pin peripheral power connector</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following standard output voltages with their typical usage:

    <p>-12V = Older types of serial port amplifier circuits -5V = Early personal computers for floppy disk controllers +3.3V = Power for processors and some types of memory +12V = Devices like disk drives and cooling fans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color wire indicates +12V in a common PSU connector?

    <p>Yellow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The SATA power connector has 20 pins.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ATX 12V (P4) connector is used to supply power to the motherboard and the processor.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stores data and programs permanently outside the computer?

    <p>secondary storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ power connector supplies power to floppy disk drives.

    <p>BERG (MINI-MOLEX)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum current typically supported by the -5V output?

    <p>1A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    +5V standby voltage is present when the system is __________.

    <p>powered down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hardware components with their definitions:

    <p>Input devices = Devices that provide data to a computer Output devices = Devices that present processed data Primary storage = Temporary data storage while processing Secondary storage = Permanent data storage outside of the computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of memory retains data when power is turned off?

    <p>Non-volatile memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which output voltage is used for supplying power to some AGP video cards?

    <p>+3.3V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The PCI Express connector is only available in a 6-pin configuration.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one example of an output device.

    <p>printer, monitor, or speakers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ is lost when the computer power is off.

    <p>volatile memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function does the primary storage serve in a computer system?

    <p>Stores data temporarily while processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'CS (Cable Select)' setting?

    <p>To automatically set drives as master or slave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Address Bus transfers actual data between the computer components.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component connects the CPU to peripheral devices?

    <p>Expansion Bus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ bus is designed for fast 3D graphics and video.

    <p>AGP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following buses with their primary usage:

    <p>ISA Bus = Old and slow devices PCI Bus = Video cards and sound cards PCI Express (PCIe) Bus = Modern video cards and hard disks Expansion Bus = Connection to peripheral devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is responsible for determining how many bits can be transmitted at once?

    <p>Bus Width</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Power Supply Unit (PSU)?

    <p>Convert AC power to DC power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The processor is often referred to as the brain of the computer.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does RAM stand for?

    <p>Random Access Memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ___________ refers to memory chips that store data permanently.

    <p>ROM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of memory with their characteristics:

    <p>RAM = Volatile memory that loses data when power is off ROM = Nonvolatile memory that retains data Firmware = Nonvolatile memory that is read-only Flash Memory = Nonvolatile memory that remains intact when powered off</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is known as the backbone of the computer?

    <p>Motherboard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CMOS uses battery power to retain data when the computer is turned off.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the long-term memory of a computer where the OS and programs are stored?

    <p>Hard Disk Drive (HDD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ____________ is an optional part of the system unit that enhances functions.

    <p>expansion slot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size conversion for 1 GB?

    <p>1024 MB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Monitor Types

    • New monitors commonly use LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) or LED (Light Emitting Diode) technology, referred to as flat-panel displays.
    • Older monitors, known as CRT (Cathode Ray Tube), are bulkier, heavier, and consume more desk space.

    Key Components

    • Power Cord: Connects the monitor to a power outlet. UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) provides surge protection and temporary power during blackouts.
    • Keyboard: Primary device for data entry and communication with the computer.
    • Mouse: Pointing device to navigate and interact with the computer interface.

    Types of Personal Computers

    • Desktop Computers: Vary in size and are widely used in workplaces, schools, and libraries.
    • Laptop Computers: Portable, battery, or AC-powered, allowing use in various locations.
    • Servers: Dedicated computers that provide resources or information to other computers in a network.

    Miscellaneous Computing Devices

    • Tablet Computers, Mobile Phones, Game Consoles, and TVs also fall under personal computing devices.

    Computer Bug Origin

    • Grace Hopper discovered the first computer bug—a moth causing issues in the Mark I—leading to the term "bug" in computing, dating back to 1889.
    • Hopper is credited with coining "debugging," the process of fixing software errors.

    Operating System (OS)

    • The fundamental software that manages memory, processes, and hardware, crucial for computer operations.

    Standard Output Voltages

    • -12V: Used in older serial port applications; generally unused now.
    • -5V: Found in early personal computers for specific controllers; mostly obsolete.
    • 0V - Ground: Common reference point for voltages.
    • +3.3V: Powers processors, some memory types, and digital circuits.
    • +5V: Supplies power to motherboards, also present in standby mode.
    • +12V: Primarily for disk drives and cooling fans.

    Common PSU Connectors

    • P1: ATX 20/24-pin connector providing power to the motherboard.
    • ATX 12V (P4): 4-pin connector supplementing power to the processor.
    • MOLEX and Berg (Mini-MOLEX): Provide power to storage drives.
    • SATA/Serial ATA: A 15-pin connector primarily for SATA hard drives.
    • PCI Express: 6/8-pin power connector for graphics cards.

    Essential Hardware Components

    • CPU: The computer's brain that processes instructions.
    • Primary Storage (Memory): Temporary storage for data and programs; includes volatile (e.g., RAM) and non-volatile memory.
    • Secondary Storage: Permanent storage options like HDDs, USBs, and optical disks.
    • Input Devices: Include keyboards, mice, and scanners, allowing data entry.
    • Output Devices: Processed data displayed via monitors, printers, and speakers.

    System Unit Parts

    • Power Supply Unit (PSU): Converts AC power to DC for the computer.
    • Motherboard: The main circuit board connecting all components.
    • RAM (Random Access Memory): Short-term memory for quick data access.
    • Hard Disk Drive (HDD): Long-term storage for the OS and programs.

    Memory and Storage Sizes

    • Units: 1 KB (1024 bytes), 1 MB (1,000,000 bytes), 1 GB (1 billion bytes), 1 TB (1 trillion bytes).
    • ROM: Non-volatile memory that retains data permanently.
    • Firmware: Non-volatile memory for read-only data.
    • Flash Memory: Retains memory without power.
    • CMOS: Retains information when the computer is powered off.

    Master/Slave Jumper Setting

    • Master: Main drive in a dual-drive setup.
    • Slave: Second drive on the same cable.
    • CS (Cable Select): Automatically sets master/slave based on cable positioning.

    Computer Buses

    • Buses are electrical channels enabling communication between components.
    • Data Bus: Transfers actual data.
    • Address Bus: Transfers information about data locations in memory.
    • System Bus: Connects CPU to main memory.
    • Expansion Bus: Connects CPU to peripheral devices.

    Common Expansion Buses

    • ISA Bus: Outdated, used for basic devices.
    • PCI Bus: Used for video and sound cards.
    • PCI Express (PCIe) Bus: Faster, supports modern hardware.
    • AGP Bus: Specialized for high-performance graphics.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the differences between newer flat-panel displays like LCD and LED monitors, and older CRT monitors. You'll learn about key components, such as the power cord, and the advantages of modern technology in display devices.

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