Momentum and Impulse Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary principle that governs increasing your chance to reach the rim while dunking a basketball?

  • The conservation of energy
  • The force of gravity acting on the body
  • The acceleration due to the player's muscle strength
  • The principle of impulse and momentum (correct)

Which factors are critical to consider when trying to increase jumping height for dunking a basketball?

  • Distance from the hoop during initiation
  • Body mass and takeoff velocity (correct)
  • The weight of the basketball
  • Height of the basketball hoop

What role does impulse play in the process of dunking a basketball?

  • Impulse measures the height attained after a jump
  • Impulse reduces the overall required force to jump
  • Impulse only affects horizontal movements during a dunk
  • Impulse is the product of force and time applied during the jump (correct)

In the context of dunking, how can maximizing momentum be achieved?

<p>By increasing the takeoff speed and body mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario would most likely hinder the ability to successfully dunk a basketball?

<p>Exerting force too late in the jumping motion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does gaining momentum in a basketball game imply about a player's performance?

<p>The player is becoming more difficult to stop. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general meaning of losing momentum for a player according to the given context?

<p>The player's effective play has been interrupted. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of physics, what is the definition of momentum?

<p>The measure of inertia in motion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is not accurately describing impulse?

<p>Impulse can occur without an external force. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mathematical expression correctly represents the relationship between impulse and momentum?

<p>Impulse = Force × Time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In basketball commentary, when a player is said to have 'lost their momentum', which of the following is most closely related?

<p>The player cannot maintain their speed and effectiveness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a collision, what primarily changes in relation to impulse?

<p>Impulse leads to a change in momentum. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the relationship between impulse and momentum?

<p>Impulse must equal the change in momentum for any interaction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the momentum of an object if both its mass and velocity are doubled?

<p>The momentum quadruples. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a truck with a mass of 5,000 Kg is moving at 12 m/s, what is its momentum?

<p>60,000 kg·m/s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under which condition can an object at rest have momentum?

<p>Momentum is always zero for an object at rest. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an increase in an object's mass affect its momentum when the velocity remains constant?

<p>Momentum increases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about momentum is true?

<p>Momentum can be zero if mass is positive but velocity is zero. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the skateboard travels at 10 m/s, what is its momentum given that its mass is 5.0 Kg?

<p>50 kg·m/s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which correctly describes the relationship between momentum and inertia?

<p>Inertia is the resistance to change in momentum. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does doubling the velocity of an object have on its momentum if its mass remains the same?

<p>Momentum doubles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary definition of momentum?

<p>The product of mass and velocity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT affect momentum?

<p>Shape of the object. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating impulse?

<p>I = Ft (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is impulse expressed in units?

<p>Newton-seconds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equation correctly represents the impulse-momentum theorem?

<p>I = Δp (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the scenario where a 1,200 kg bus has equal momentum to a 750 g bullet, which factor must be adjusted?

<p>Maintain the bus's mass and increase its velocity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the mass of an object remains unchanged, which factor primarily causes a change in momentum?

<p>The velocity of the object. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must happen for the momentum of an object to change?

<p>Either the mass or the velocity or both must change. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Inertia

The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.

Momentum

The product of an object's mass and its velocity, representing its inertia in motion.

Impulse

A measure of the change in momentum of an object, caused by a force acting over a time interval.

Conservation of Momentum

The principle that states the total momentum of a closed system remains constant in the absence of external forces.

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Impulse

A force acting over a time interval, resulting in a change in momentum.

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Acceleration

A change in an object's velocity over time. How fast its velocity changes.

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Mass

The resistance of an object to changes in its motion. The amount of matter in an object. The quantity of matter in an object.

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Velocity

The speed and direction of an object in motion.

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Momentum Formula

The formula for calculating momentum is: p = mv, where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity.

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Momentum and Mass/Velocity

The greater the mass or velocity of an object, the greater its momentum.

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Units of Momentum

Momentum is expressed in units of kilogram-meters per second (kgâ‹…m/s).

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Momentum at Rest

An object at rest cannot have momentum because its velocity is zero.

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Equal Momentum

Even objects with vastly different masses can have the same momentum if their velocities are adjusted accordingly.

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Factors Affecting Momentum

The 'oomph' or momentum of an object depends on its mass and velocity.

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Momentum as a Vector

Momentum is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.

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What is momentum?

Momentum is a measure of an object's motion, taking into account both its mass and velocity.

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What factors affect momentum?

The two factors that affect momentum are mass and velocity. A larger mass or a higher velocity will both result in a greater momentum.

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What's the formula for momentum?

The formula for momentum is p = mv, where 'p' represents momentum, 'm' represents mass, and 'v' represents velocity.

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How is momentum expressed in units?

Momentum is typically expressed in units of kilogram meters per second (kg*m/s).

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What is impulse?

Impulse is defined as the product of force and the time over which it acts. It's a measure of how much a force changes an object's momentum over a period of time.

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How is impulse expressed in units?

Impulse is expressed in units of newton-seconds (N.s).

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What is the impulse-momentum theorem?

The impulse-momentum theorem states that the change in momentum of an object is equal to the impulse applied to it. This theorem is often expressed as I = ∆p, where 'I' is impulse and '∆p' is the change in momentum.

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How can the impulse-momentum theorem be expressed as an equation?

The impulse-momentum theorem can be expressed using the equation Ft = m ∆v, where 'F' is force, 't' is time, 'm' is mass, and '∆v' is the change in velocity. It emphasizes how forces changing velocity over time impact momentum.

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Force

A push or a pull that can cause a change in an object's motion.

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Net Force

The force that acts on an object to change its momentum.

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Impulse and Momentum Relationship

Increasing impulse increases the change in momentum.

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Study Notes

Momentum and Impulse

  • Momentum is defined as inertia in motion
  • It's a vector quantity
  • Momentum can be calculated as p = mv, where:
    • p = momentum
    • m = mass
    • v = velocity
  • Momentum is expressed in units of kg • m/s (kilogram-meters per second)
  • The greater the mass or velocity of an object, the greater its momentum
  • A stationary object has zero momentum

Impulse

  • Impulse is defined as the product of force and time (I = Ft)
    • I = impulse
    • F = force
    • t = time
  • Impulse is expressed in units of Newton-seconds (N • s)
  • Impulse changes momentum (Ft = Δp)

Balat Sibuyas Activity

  • Students sing the school hymn while passing a "sibuyas" (onion)
  • The student holding the "sibuyas" when the song stops answers the question in the current layer they are peeling.
  • Cycle repeats until all questions are answered.

Objectives

  • Relate impulse and momentum to collisions of objects
  • Derive the equation of impulse from the law of acceleration

Challenge Question: Basketball Dunk

  • To dunk a basketball, the player needs to propel themselves to a certain height
  • Impulse and momentum can be used to increase the chance of reaching the rim
  • The player can increase the time over which the impulse acts on them to reduce the force needed to reach the rim and dunk the basketball

Practice Drill

  • Conduct a short practice to solve problems with questions for practice, recording and review for areas of improvement

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