Mollusks and Echinoderms Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which class of mollusks is characterized by having a coiled shell in most species?

  • Polyplacophora
  • Gastropoda (correct)
  • Cephalopoda
  • Bivalvia

    • What distinguishes class Bivalvia from other mollusk classes?

  • Tentacles with beaks
  • Two halves of a shell (correct)
  • Asymmetrical body structure
  • Presence of radula

    • Which of the following is a feature of the Cephalopoda class?

  • Closed circulatory system (correct)
  • Radula for feeding
  • Head well developed
  • Grazing behavior

    • Which organism is not a member of the gastropod class?

    <p>Anodonta anatina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feeding method used by bivalves?

    <p>Suspension feeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes members of the clade Errantia from Sedentaria?

    <p>Errantians are mobile marine organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is associated with Errantians and aids in their movement?

    <p>Parapodia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of Sedentarians?

    <p>They often have elaborate gills or tentacles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered part of the clade Sedentaria?

    <p>Clam Worms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organisms does the Ecdysozoa clade primarily include?

    <p>Organisms that molt their exoskeleton.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used by echinoderms for gas exchange, locomotion, and feeding?

    <p>Water vascular system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms is a member of the class Asteroidea?

    <p>Pisaster ochraceus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishing feature do all species in the Phylum Echinodermata share in their adult form?

    <p>Radial symmetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the reproductive strategy of echinoderms?

    <p>Separate sexes with external fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species is categorized under the class Ophiuroidea?

    <p>Amphiodia occidentalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of invertebrates?

    <p>Lack of a backbone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following phyla contains organisms that are primarily marine and include sponges?

    <p>Porifera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reproduction occurs in sponges, allowing them to produce new individuals from fragments?

    <p>Asexual reproduction by fragmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic found in members of the phylum Cnidaria?

    <p>Simple body plan with two forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cnidarians capture their prey?

    <p>Using tentacles with cnidocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defining feature distinguishes Lophotrochozoa from other groups of invertebrates?

    <p>Possession of a lophophore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class within Phylum Platyhelminthes is mostly free-living and marine?

    <p>Turbellaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do planarians, which belong to the class Turbellaria, excrete nitrogenous waste?

    <p>Via the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement is primarily used by Dugesia?

    <p>Cilia on a slime trail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is true about Class Trematoda (flukes)?

    <p>They possess a complex life cycle with both sexual and asexual stages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature distinguishes Class Cestoidea (tapeworms)?

    <p>They have a scolex with hooks for attachment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about lophophorates?

    <p>They possess a complete digestive system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic defining Ectoprocts (bryozoans)?

    <p>They possess a hard exoskeleton encasing their colony.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes brachiopods from clams?

    <p>The two halves of the shell are dorsal and ventral.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the Phylum Mollusca is correct?

    <p>They mostly have a hard calcium carbonate shell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of Class Polyplacophora (chitons)?

    <p>Their shell is composed of eight plates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of reproduction in insects classified under Class Insecta?

    <p>Sexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which order of insects includes butterflies and moths?

    <p>Lepidoptera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following insects is classified under the order Coleoptera?

    <p>Ladybird Beetle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT typically found in the Class Crustacea?

    <p>Internal fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which insect is NOT part of the order Hemiptera?

    <p>Honey Bee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which order are crabs, shrimp, and lobsters classified?

    <p>Decapoda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is often recognized as a primary consumer among Crustacea?

    <p>Krill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of insects in the order Diptera?

    <p>Two functional wings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of metamorphosis do insects undergo that involves distinct life stages?

    <p>Complete metamorphosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is used to describe the group of insects that includes termites?

    <p>Isoptera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is unique to Class Cephalopoda compared to the other classes of mollusks?

    <p>Presence of a beak used for injecting venom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do members of Class Bivalvia primarily obtain food?

    <p>Suspension feeding through paired gills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature distinguishes members of Class Gastropoda from other mollusks?

    <p>Asymmetrical body with torsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant anatomical feature shared by members of Phylum Annelida?

    <p>Presence of a closed circulatory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms is an example of a gastropod?

    <p>Littorina sp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic that distinguishes the clade Errantia from the clade Sedentaria?

    <p>Mobility and existence in marine environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is commonly found in members of the clade Sedentaria that aids in filter feeding?

    <p>Elaborate gills or tentacles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organisms are included in the clade Sedentaria?

    <p>Leeches and earthworms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do chaetae play in the anatomy of Errantians?

    <p>Locomotion and movement facilitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is NOT associated with clade Errantia?

    <p>Primarily sediment-dwelling animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary habitat of most invertebrate species?

    <p>Marine or aquatic environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic defines members of the Phylum Porifera?

    <p>Lack a backbone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are cnidocytes used for in Cnidaria?

    <p>Capturing prey</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reproductive strategy is common among sponges?

    <p>Asexual reproduction through fragmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of the Lophotrochozoa clade?

    <p>Crown of ciliated tentacles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of Platyhelminthes includes free-living aquatic species?

    <p>Turbellaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Cnidarians control their movements?

    <p>Nerve net</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of body plan is typical for members of the phylum Cnidaria?

    <p>Radial symmetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of organisms in the Phylum Echinodermata?

    <p>Radial symmetry in their adult form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following classes includes species that exhibit a water vascular system?

    <p>Asteroidea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism is classified under the class Ophiuroidea?

    <p>Gorgonocephalus eucnemis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary reproductive strategy of echinoderms?

    <p>External fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a planktonic larval stage characteristic of many Echinoderms?

    <p>Bipinnaria larva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major distinguishing characteristic of phylum Nematoda?

    <p>Unsegmented body with tapered ends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class within Arthropoda is known for having book lungs?

    <p>Arachnida</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describes the Class Myriopoda?

    <p>Contains organisms with one pair of antennae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of circulatory system is found in arthropods?

    <p>Open circulatory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a typical feature of insects in the class Insecta?

    <p>Complex digestive system and Malpighian tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of appendages do centipedes possess?

    <p>One pair of walking legs per segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a defining characteristic of the phylum Arthropoda?

    <p>Exoskeleton that requires molting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nematodes is known to infect humans?

    <p>Ascaris lumbricoides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following orders includes bees and wasps?

    <p>Hymenoptera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reproduction do most insects undergo?

    <p>Sexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of Crustacea is known for having a variety of appendages, including walking legs and antennae?

    <p>Malacostraca</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which order within Class Insecta includes true bugs?

    <p>Hemiptera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following characteristics is true for all insects classified under the order Diptera?

    <p>They have one pair of wings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which order includes the Jerusalem cricket and grasshoppers?

    <p>Orthoptera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of larval stage is generally found in Crustacea?

    <p>Swimming larvae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a member of the order Lepidoptera?

    <p>Butterfly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species is classified under Siphonoptera?

    <p>Cat Flea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of insects from the order Odonata?

    <p>They have long, slender bodies and two pairs of wings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Invertebrates

    • Invertebrates are animals without a backbone.
    • They comprise all animal phyla except part of Chordata.
    • Most invertebrate species are marine or aquatic.
    • The defining characteristic of an invertebrate is the lack of a backbone.

    Invertebrate Phyla

    • Porifera (Sponges):

      • ~9,000 species
      • Sessile animals; lack true tissues (no nerves or muscles)
      • Primarily marine
      • Suspension feeders
      • Hermaphroditic
      • Asexual reproduction by fragmentation

    • Cnidaria (Jellyfish, Corals, Anemones):

      • ~10,000 species
      • Simple body plan with two forms (polyps and medusae)
      • Single central cavity and single opening
      • Predatory; capture prey with tentacles and cnidocytes.

    • Lophotrochozoa:

      • Molecular-defined clade
      • Lophophore (crown of ciliated tentacles) functions in feeding
      • Trochophore larvae
      • Some members share neither trait
      • Platyhelminthes (flatworms):
        • ~20,000 species
        • Free-living and parasitic
        • Dorsoventrally flattened
        • More complex (have mesoderm) with true muscles
        • Gastrovascular cavity with one opening
        • 4 classes: Turbellaria, Monogenea, Trematoda, Cestoidea
      • Mollusca (clams, snails, squids, etc):
        • ~150,000+ species, mostly marine
        • Most have a hard calcium carbonate shell
        • Includes shellfish, snails, slugs, squids, and octopi
        • Larval planktonic stage called trochophore in marine mollusks.
        • Eight classes
      • Annelida (segmented worms):
        • ~15,000 species
        • Marine, aquatic, moist soil organisms
        • Segmented bodies, complex digestive system, closed circulatory system
        • Waste removed and expelled by metanephridia (excretory organs)
        • Hermaphroditic, but cross-fertilizing, sometimes asexual
        • Three classes: Oligochaeta (earthworms), Polychaeta (clam worms), Hirudinea (leeches)

    • Ecdysozoa:

      • Molecular-defined clade
      • Many organisms in this clade molt their exoskeletons.
      • Nematoda (roundworms):
        • ~90,000+ species, maybe ~900,000
        • Parasitic and Free-living
        • Unsegmented, tapered at both ends, fluid pseudocoelom, longitudinal muscles
        • Male & female, sexual, resistant zygotes
        • Abundant in soil and detritus
        • Three notable nematode examples: Caenorhabditis elegans, Trichinella spiralis, Ascaris lumbricoides

    • Arthropoda (insects, crustaceans, spiders):

      • ~1,000,000+ species described, 2/3 of all organisms
      • Dominant by sheer numbers
      • Segmented bodies (head, thorax, abdomen)
      • Hard exoskeleton that requires molting
      • Jointed appendages
      • Extensive cephalization and well-developed sense organs
      • Open circulatory system with hemolymph.
      • Gills or other specialized surfaces for gas exchange

    • Echinodermata (sea stars, sea urchins, etc):

      • ~7,000 species, all marine.
      • Early development similar to chordates
      • Radially symmetrical as adults, bilaterally symmetrical planktoric larvae
      • Water vascular systems; hydraulic canals and tube feet are used in gas exchange, locomotion, and feeding.
      • Separate sexes; external fertilization

    • Other significant invertebrate phyla: Rotifera (rotifers), Bryozoa(Bryozoans), Brachiopoda (brachiopods)

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the unique characteristics of various mollusk classes, including Gastropoda, Bivalvia, and Cephalopoda. Additionally, explore the fascinating features of echinoderms, such as their gas exchange mechanisms and reproductive strategies. This quiz will enhance your understanding of marine biology concepts related to these two important groups.

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