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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of cellulose in plants?
What is the primary function of cellulose in plants?
Which of the following is NOT a component of a plant cell wall?
Which of the following is NOT a component of a plant cell wall?
What type of molecule is most abundant in plant tissues besides cellulose?
What type of molecule is most abundant in plant tissues besides cellulose?
What distinguishes polysaccharides like pectin and hemicellulose from cellulose in plant cells?
What distinguishes polysaccharides like pectin and hemicellulose from cellulose in plant cells?
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Which type of proteins are most commonly found in plant cell walls?
Which type of proteins are most commonly found in plant cell walls?
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What is the main function of the proteins that help cell walls enlarge?
What is the main function of the proteins that help cell walls enlarge?
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Which type of proteins accumulate in seeds and are broken down into amino acids during seed germination?
Which type of proteins accumulate in seeds and are broken down into amino acids during seed germination?
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Which enzyme is responsible for breaking sucrose into glucose and fructose?
Which enzyme is responsible for breaking sucrose into glucose and fructose?
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Where are genes found in a cell?
Where are genes found in a cell?
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Which type of nucleic acid is involved in carrying out the expression of genes and assists in the assembly of amino acids into proteins?
Which type of nucleic acid is involved in carrying out the expression of genes and assists in the assembly of amino acids into proteins?
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Study Notes
Cellulose Function in Plants
- Cellulose serves as the main structural component of plant cell walls, providing strength and rigidity.
Plant Cell Wall Composition
- Lignin, which provides additional strength and resistance to decay, is NOT a component of a plant cell wall like cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin.
Abundant Molecules in Plant Tissues
- Lignin is the most abundant molecule in plant tissues aside from cellulose, contributing to cell wall structure and support.
Difference between Polysaccharides
- Polysaccharides such as pectin and hemicellulose differ from cellulose in terms of structure and solubility; they are branched and more hydrophilic, aiding in cell wall flexibility and moisture retention.
Proteins in Plant Cell Walls
- Extensins are the most commonly found proteins in plant cell walls, playing a role in wall structure and resistance to pathogens.
Function of Proteins in Cell Wall Enlargement
- Expansins are the proteins that facilitate cell wall enlargement by loosening the wall structure, allowing for cell growth.
Seed Protein Breakdown
- Storage proteins, such as globulins and albumins, accumulate in seeds and are degraded into amino acids during germination to support seedling development.
Enzyme for Sucrose Breakdown
- Sucrase (or invertase) is the enzyme responsible for hydrolyzing sucrose into glucose and fructose, providing energy for the plant.
Gene Location in Cells
- Genes are located in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, housed on chromosomes within the cell's genetic material.
Nucleic Acid and Protein Assembly
- Messenger RNA (mRNA) is involved in gene expression and assists in translating genetic information into proteins by directing the assembly of amino acids.
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Description
Test your knowledge on carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, photosynthesis, polymers, monomers, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Learn about the building blocks of life and how plants produce food through photosynthesis.
