Molecular Force Microscopy

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Which scientific law states that energy is conserved and cannot be created or destroyed?

The Law of Conservation of Energy (correct)

The Law of Thermodynamics

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

The Third Law of Thermodynamics

What is the branch of science that deals with the exchange of energy?

Physics

Thermodynamics (correct)

Biology

Chemistry

What is the mechanical motion of the apparatus churning the water described as?

Internal energy

Work (correct)

Potential energy

Heat

Which type of system has no exchange of matter or energy with the surroundings?

Isolated system Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the specific part of the universe on which we choose to focus?

System Signup and view all the answers

Which type of system can exchange energy but not matter with the surroundings?

Closed system Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the part of the universe that is not the system?

Surroundings Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the combined quantity called that is conserved in the laws of mass and energy?

Mass-energy Signup and view all the answers

What does the Second Law of Thermodynamics deal with?

The flow of energy Signup and view all the answers

What does the Third Law of Thermodynamics state about the entropy of systems?

Entropy decreases as temperature approaches zero Kelvin Signup and view all the answers

What do the laws of thermodynamics explain in biology?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which technology made it possible to reproduce Robert Hooke's experiments on springs using biological molecules?

Scanning tunneling microscope Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of tethering one end of a biological molecule to a surface and the other end to a movable object in molecular force microscopy?

To apply an external force and stretch the molecule Signup and view all the answers

Which biomolecule has a comparatively simple force-extension curve?

Single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA) Signup and view all the answers

What is the work done in kJ/mol in stretching a base-pair length of DNA by 70%?

10 kJ/mol Signup and view all the answers

Which unit is used to measure work and energy in the Système International (SI)?

Joule (J) Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of force in the Système International (SI)?

Newton (N) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the force due to the gravitational attraction of the Earth on mass m?

Fex = mg Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard gravity adopted by scientists?

9.80665 m/s^2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the relationship between external pressure and work done on the system?

If the external pressure is less than the pressure of the system, the system can expand and do work on the surroundings. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between external pressure (pex) and external force (Fex)?

pex = Fex * A Signup and view all the answers

What is the term commonly used to describe the work associated with a change in the volume of the system?

Pressure-volume work Signup and view all the answers