30 Questions
What is the name of the scientist who invented the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method?
Kary B. Mullis
What is the primary function of the primers in PCR?
To bind to the complementary strand of the target fragment
What is the purpose of heating the DNA template in PCR?
To denature the DNA template
What is the result of the PCR process?
Amplification of the target fragment
What is the name of the enzyme used in PCR?
Taq polymerase
What is the advantage of PCR technology?
It is a widely used method of nucleic acid amplification
What is target amplification similar to?
Growing cells in culture and allowing them to multiply
What is the advantage of target amplification over cell culture?
It takes minutes to hours to replicate nucleic acid
What is the first and most used method for amplifying target nucleic acid?
PCR
Who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993?
Kary B. Mullis
What will be discussed in this topic?
The components and variants of PCR
What is the purpose of this topic?
To explore the applications of PCR and its variants
What is the result of repeating the steps of denaturation, annealing, and extension in PCR?
An exponential increase in the total number of target DNA copies
What is the temperature range for the annealing step in PCR?
50-70°C
What is the purpose of the denaturation step in PCR?
To separate the DNA strands
What is the optimal temperature range for DNA polymerase to act in PCR?
68-72°C
What is an important parameter in PCR primer design?
GC content
What is the formula for the number of PCR product copies?
2ˆN
What is a major advantage of multiplex PCR over singleplex PCR?
Reduced reagent usage
What is the primary purpose of using sequence-specific PCR?
To design primers with specific mismatch principles
What is a common problem encountered during multiplex PCR?
Uneven amplification
What is the primary application of multiplex PCR in a clinical molecular laboratory?
To detect different pathogens in a single tube
Who first reported multiplex PCR in 1988?
Chamberlain et al.
What type of PCR involves using RNA templates?
Reverse transcriptase PCR
What is the main difference between real-time PCR and conventional PCR?
Amplification process detection
What does the CT (threshold cycle) parameter represent?
The cycle number at which fluorescence exceeds the fixed threshold
What is the advantage of real-time PCR quantitation?
Elimination of post-PCR processing
What does the fluorescence threshold signify?
A fixed level significantly above the baseline fluorescence level
What is the correlation between the starting copy number of the nucleic acid target and the fluorescence increase?
The higher the starting copy number, the sooner the fluorescence increase
What is the purpose of setting a fixed fluorescence threshold?
To determine the CT parameter
Assess your knowledge of DNA amplification methods in molecular diagnostics, including PCR and its variants, target amplification, and signal amplification. This quiz covers the basics of diagnostic techniques based on DNA amplification.
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