Molecular Diagnosis of Human Diseases (MDHD 401) Lec. 2: Etymology of Diagnosis
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What is the main purpose of Organs-on-chips (OoCs)?

  • To mimic human physiology and maintain tissue-specific functions (correct)
  • To grow natural miniature tissues in microfluidic chips
  • To conduct molecular diagnosis of human diseases
  • To observe etymology of the word 'diagnosis'

    • What distinguishes OoCs from native tissues and organs?

  • They cannot replicate the complexity of an organ
  • They are simpler and more complex than native tissues and organs
  • They can only produce certain types of cells
  • They are much simpler than native tissues and organs but can serve as effective mimics of human physiology and disease (correct)

    • What are organoids?

  • Systems containing engineered miniature tissues
  • Self-organized 3D tissue cultures derived from stem cells (correct)
  • Tiny tissues grown inside microfluidic chips
  • Tissues designed to control cell microenvironments

    • What does the term 'diagnosis' mean in the context of its etymology?

    <p>To discern or observe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of growing organoids?

    <p>To better mimic human physiology and maintain tissue-specific functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the microfluidic chips used for OoCs?

    <p>They contain networks of hair-fine microchannels for guiding and manipulating minute volumes of solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of working on the microscale in terms of tissue life support and observation of cell and tissue behavior?

    <p>Attaining a higher level of control over the microenvironment and directly observing cell and tissue behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main applications for Organ-on-a-Chip (OOC) devices mentioned in the text?

    <p>Evaluating the safety of drugs prior to entering clinical trials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of each organ-chip, such as the lung, liver, intestine, or brain, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>About the size of flash memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a lab-on-a-chip device primarily aim to achieve based on the information provided?

    <p>Integrate laboratory functions on a single chip to handle particles in microfluidic channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Liquid Biopsy (LB) mainly consist of isolating, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and tumor extracellular vesicles (EVs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential benefit of Liquid Biopsy (LB) technology according to the text?

    <p>Non-invasive nature enabling accurate detection and continuous monitoring for cancer patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) primarily account for according to the text?

    <p>Travel through the circulatory system and account for metastatic tumors at distal sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major function of Organs-on-Chips (OoCs) mentioned in the text?

    <p>Ability to replicate in vivo physiological conditions accurately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of studying cell motility using hollow microfluidic channels according to the text?

    <p>Lowered fluid volume consumption, increased portability, and reduced cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key feature that allows researchers to observe organ functionality at a cellular and molecular level?

    <p>Transparency of the organ-chip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Organs-on-chips (OoCs) mentioned in the text?

    <p>To mimic human physiology and disease outside the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes OoCs from native tissues and organs?

    <p>They are much simpler than native tissues and organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are organoids?

    <p>Tiny, self-organized 3D tissue cultures derived from stem cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential benefit of Liquid Biopsy (LB) technology according to the text?

    <p>Isolation of circulating tumor cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of growing organoids?

    <p>To express selected aspects of an organ like producing only certain types of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'diagnosis' mean in the context of its etymology?

    <p>To discern or observe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using microfluidic chips for Organ-on-a-Chip (OoC) technology?

    <p>Replicating in vivo physiological conditions accurately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential benefit of Liquid Biopsy (LB) technology?

    <p>Accurate detection and continuous monitoring of cancer in patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Organs-on-Chips (OoCs) from traditional 2D cultures and simplistic 3D culture models?

    <p>Replication of in vivo physiological conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What accounts for the development of metastatic tumors according to the text?

    <p>Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) traveling through the circulatory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a lab-on-a-chip device based on the information provided?

    <p>Integrating laboratory functions on a single chip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main applications for Organ-on-a-Chip (OoC) devices mentioned in the text?

    <p>Evaluating the safety of drugs before clinical trials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Liquid Biopsy (LB) primarily consist of isolating, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Tumor-derived circulating tumor cells (CTCs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of working on the microscale in terms of tissue life support and observation of cell and tissue behavior?

    <p>Providing a higher level of control over the microenvironment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Organ-on-a-Chip (OoC) technology from traditional 2D cell cultures according to the text?

    <p>Increased accuracy in replicating in vivo physiological conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential benefit of Liquid Biopsy (LB) technology according to the text?

    <p>Continuous monitoring and treatment based on precision medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

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