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Molecular Biology: Gene Structure and Function

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of a gene that is up-regulated?

It destroys the genetic material
It increases the production of a protein (correct)
It changes the function of a protein
It reduces the production of a protein

What is the purpose of a gene binding to the promoter regions of DNA?

To destroy genetic material
To initiate gene expression (correct)
To repair DNA damage
To prevent protein synthesis

What is the characteristics of a pseudogene?

It contains errors or mutations in its DNA sequence (correct)
It is a highly regulated gene
It is a newly evolved gene
It is a functional gene

What is the role of histone proteins in chromatin?

They bind to the phosphate backbone of DNA (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of a nucleosome?

A double strand of DNA wrapped around an octamer of histone proteins (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of H1 histone?

It binds to the linker DNA between nucleosomes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a promoter in gene structure?

To initiate transcription (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of transcription factors in transcriptional control?

To control the rate of transcription (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of introns in gene structure?

To contain non-coding regions (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of transcriptional control?

Tissue-specific gene expression (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of RNA processing?

To mature pre-mRNA into mRNA (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main level at which gene expression is controlled?

Transcription (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between deoxyribose and ribose?

Deoxyribose has one fewer oxygen atom than ribose. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key feature of the base pairing in DNA?

Adenine pairs with Thymine, and Guanine pairs with Cytosine. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of DNA characterized by?

A double-stranded helix with a uniform diameter. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of hydrogen bonds in DNA?

They stabilize the base pairs in the double helix. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the anti-parallel nature of DNA strands?

It enables the DNA strands to run in opposite directions. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the uniformity of base pairing in DNA?

It enables the base pairs to fit identically into the double helix. (C) Signup and view all the answers

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