24 Questions
What is the main focus of molecular biology?
Understanding the interactions between various systems of a cell
Which theory of inheritance proposes that a new character acquired by an individual shall pass on to its progeny?
Acquired Characters
Who accurately described cell division and realized that the wall formed between two daughter cells is not the cause but the result of cell division?
Von Nageli
What is the term for the reproductive tissues or cells that produce gametes?
Germplasm
What is the process by which organisms with heritable traits that highlight survival and reproduction tend to leave more offspring than their peers?
Natural Selection
Who conducted hybridization experiments on the garden peas between 1856-1863?
Mendel
What is the law that states that genes for different traits are sorted separately from one another?
Law of Independent Assortment
What are the two types of nitrogenous bases in DNA?
Purines and pyrimidines
Who discovered that the X chromosome determines gender in drosophila?
Morgan
What is the rule that states that the amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosine, and the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine?
Chargaff's rule
What is the term for a sequence of three bases that codes for a single amino acid?
Codon
What is the structure of DNA, as revealed by X-ray diffraction patterns?
Double-stranded helix
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
DNA acts as a template for RNA, and RNA acts as a template for a protein
What is a key concept of the Cell Theory?
All living things are either single cells themselves or multicellular
What is a common observation in the offspring of parents with different characteristics in the past?
The offspring often appear to be a blend of both parents
What is the role of chromatin in the cell?
Chromatin is the stainable material in the nucleus
What is the basis of natural selection?
Organisms with heritable traits that highlight survival and reproduction tend to leave more offspring
What is the name of the theory of inheritance that proposes that differentiation into various organs or parts takes place only after fertilization?
Epigenesis
What is the primary idea behind the Law of Segregation?
That each inherited trait is defined by a gene pair
What is the significance of the X chromosome in drosophila, according to Morgan's discovery?
It carries inheritable traits that can be passed along to male offspring
What is the Central Dogma, as hypothesized by Crick?
That the primary function of genes is to manufacture proteins
What is the result of the sorting of chromosomes from each homologous pair during meiosis?
Gametes that contain only half of the chromosomal complement of each parent
What is the significance of the periodic structure of DNA, as revealed by X-ray diffraction patterns?
It reveals the regular, repeating pattern of DNA
What is the relationship between the amount of adenine and thymine in DNA, according to Chargaff's rule?
The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of cytosine, and the amount of thymine is equal to the amount of guanine
Learn about the basics of molecular biology, including the central dogma, DNA-RNA-protein interactions, and the history of genetics from antiquity. Explore the theories of inheritance and how they have evolved over time.
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