Molecular Biology and PCR Labs Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for a disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans?

  • Pandemic
  • Emerging virus
  • Zoonosis (correct)
  • Epidemic
  • Which of the following is an example of a classification level in hierarchical classification?

  • Evolution
  • Genus (correct)
  • Natural selection
  • Species diversity
  • What does natural selection primarily drive in an ecosystem?

  • Establishment of an epidemic
  • Occurrence of macroevolution
  • Increase in species diversity
  • Adaptations in organisms (correct)
  • Which term describes a significant increase in disease cases in a specific area?

    <p>Epidemic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a dichotomous key?

    <p>To identify organisms using a series of choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of PCR?

    <p>To amplify specific DNA sequences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a pipette is used to set the desired volume prior to use?

    <p>Volume adjustment knob</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Taq DNA Polymerase primarily used for in molecular biology?

    <p>To synthesize DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of the three main steps in the PCR process?

    <p>Denaturation, annealing, extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes introns and exons?

    <p>Introns are non-coding regions, exons are coding regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a vaccine?

    <p>To provide immunity against specific pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a source of DNA for PCR?

    <p>Muscle tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines biotechnology?

    <p>The use of living systems to develop products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Safety Lab

    • Know laboratory safety protocols (appropriate clothing, etc.).

    Pipetting Lab

    • Always use a new tip for each sample, and avoid touching the tip to surfaces.
    • Calibrate the pipette.
    • Properly add and eject pipette tips.
    • Choose correct pipette size based on volume needed.
    • Set desired volume.
    • Know the parts of a pipette (tip, plunger, volume adjustment knob, body).
    • Demonstrate pipetting a specific volume to instructor.

    PCR Lab One

    • Molecular Biology: The study of biological processes at the molecular level.
    • Biotechnology: The use of living systems and organisms for product development.
    • PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction.
    • PCR objective: To amplify specific DNA sequences.
    • Source of DNA: Blood, saliva, hair, and other bodily tissues.
    • PCR impacts: Genetic testing, forensics, cloning, medicine, agriculture, and environmental science.

    PCR Lab Two

    • Components for PCR: DNA template, primers, nucleotides, and Taq polymerase.
    • Taq DNA Polymerase: A heat-stable enzyme for DNA synthesis.
    • PCR steps: Denaturation, annealing, and extension.

    PCR Lab Three

    • Introns: Non-coding regions in genes.
    • Exons: Coding regions of a gene.
    • RNA splicing: The process of removing introns and connecting exons in mRNA.
    • Homozygous positive: Two identical dominant alleles.
    • Homozygous negative: Two identical recessive alleles.
    • Heterozygous: One dominant and one recessive allele.
    • DNA electrophoresis: A technique used to separate DNA fragments by size.

    Viral Transmission Lab

    • Mode of transmission: How a virus spreads to a new host.
    • Vaccine function: Providing immunity against specific pathogens.

    Natural Selection Lab

    • Macroevolution: Large-scale evolutionary changes over time.
    • Natural selection: Organisms better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce.
    • Evolution: Change in heritable characteristics in biological populations over successive generations.
    • Predator-prey relationships: Predatory pressure that drives evolutionary adaptations in both.

    Taxonomy and Dichotomous Keys

    • Taxonomy: Science of classifying living organisms).
    • Nomenclature: A system of naming organisms.
    • Hierarchical classification: Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.
    • Dichotomous key: Tool for identifying organisms through a series of choices.

    Ecological Applications Labs

    • Species diversity: Variety of different species in a given area.
    • Hypothesis: A testable prediction about the relationship between variables.
    • Specific animals observed: This part of the notes depends on the animals observed in a campus experiment, and this is not present in the document.

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    Description

    This quiz covers essential laboratory safety protocols, pipetting techniques, and the fundamental concepts of PCR. It highlights the importance of molecular biology and biotechnology in various applications such as genetic testing and forensics. Test your knowledge on laboratory practices and the PCR process.

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