Mohenjo-Daro Period I Settlement Quiz

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What is the alternative name given to the 'Indus valley civilization' or 'Indus civilization'?

Sarasvati civilization

Ghaggar-Hakra civilization

Harappan civilization (correct)

Sindhu civilization

In which country are the majority of the Harappan sites located?

Pakistan (correct)

India

Iran

Afghanistan

Which river is identified by some scholars as the ancient Sarasvati mentioned in the Rig Veda?

Ghaggar-Hakra River (correct)

Indus River

Tributaries of the Indus River

Jhelum River

Where is the northernmost site of the Harappan culture zone located?

Manda, Jammu and Kashmir Signup and view all the answers

What material was the fortification wall of the settlement at Dholavira made of?

Stone rubble set in mud mortar Signup and view all the answers

What type of bangles were found at the early Harappan sites in Gujarat?

Plain and segmented terracotta bangles Signup and view all the answers

What were the terracotta marbles and pounders made of at the Harappan sites?

Sandstone Signup and view all the answers

What was found at the Amri site during the early Harappan Period I?

Mud-brick structures Signup and view all the answers

Which material was used to make the massive wall at Kot Diji during the early Harappan Period I?

Limestone rubble and mud-brick Signup and view all the answers

What is notable about the pottery in Period I at Kot Diji?

Short-necked ovoid pots with painted designs Signup and view all the answers

What was the settlement size of the early Harappan Period I at Rehman Dheri?

Over 20 hectares Signup and view all the answers

What were the beads made of that were found at the Nal site in the Khozdar area?

Lapis lazuli, stone, shell, and paste Signup and view all the answers

Which animals were identified from the bones found at the Nal site?

Cattle, sheep, goat, buffalo, hare, deer, and pig Signup and view all the answers

Which site represents the early Harappan phase in the southern part of the Indus valley and Baluchistan?

Nal- and Amri-related sites Signup and view all the answers

What is notable about the pottery in Period IC at Nausharo?

Wheel-made wares with brownish bands of paint Signup and view all the answers

What kind of artifacts were found at Gumla in Period II?

Pottery styles similar to Kot Dijian Signup and view all the answers

What was found at Mehrgarh that suggested links with the Indus valley by the end of Period VII?

Kot Diji style vessels Signup and view all the answers

What is notable about the pottery in Period III at Gumla?

Kot Dijian pottery forms and designs including the 'horned deity' Signup and view all the answers

What is one assumption about similar discoveries or cultural changes in different parts of the world?

They are always connected to each other Signup and view all the answers

What does diffusionist theories often do?

Ignore the differences between cultures Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the transportation and transplantation of technologies or cultural transformations?

They occur only when there is a strong need in the recipient culture Signup and view all the answers

What does mere awareness of a different way of life not lead to?

Transformation of village cultures into urban ones Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary when making a case for influence between cultures, according to the text?

Prove that there was some contact between the ‘donor’ and ‘recipient’ cultures before the change appeared in the latter Signup and view all the answers

What did M.R. Mughal compare in his analysis of the evidence from pre-Harappan sites?

Pre-Harappan and mature Harappan levels Signup and view all the answers

What stage did M.R. Mughal argue that the ‘pre-Harappan’ phase actually represented?

The early, formative phase of the Harappan culture Signup and view all the answers

What two things were lacking in the early Harappan phase according to M.R. Mughal's analysis?

Large cities and increased levels of craft specialization Signup and view all the answers

What makes the early Harappan phase extremely important according to M.R. Mughal?

In its own right as well Signup and view all the answers

At which site is Period II considered early Harappan according to the text?

Balakot Signup and view all the answers

What type of pottery was found at Balakot during the early Harappan phase?

Wheel-made and painted pottery Signup and view all the answers

Which coast is Balakot located on?

Arabian Sea coast Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for using the term 'Harappan' civilization instead of 'Indus' or 'Indus-Saraswati' civilization?

Harappa was the first identified site of this culture. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key archaeological feature used to announce the discovery of new sites of the Harappan civilization?

Red pottery with black designs Signup and view all the answers

What were the three phases of the Harappan culture?

Formative, Urban, Post-urban Signup and view all the answers

What did John Marshall initially suggest as the time frame for the flourishing of the Harappan civilization?

c. 3250–2750 BCE Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1986–1996 Harappa excavations in terms of dating the Harappan civilization?

They provided over 70 new radiocarbon dates. Signup and view all the answers

Which terminology does Jim Shaffer use for the long series of human adaptations related to the Harappan civilization?

'Indus valley tradition' Signup and view all the answers

What did D.P. Agrawal suggest as the time frame for the urban phase in the core regions of the Indus valley, Ghaggar-Hakra valley, and Gujarat?

$c. 2600–1900 BCE$ Signup and view all the answers

What kind of pottery is an important marker associated with the Harappan civilization?

Red pottery with black designs Signup and view all the answers

What is the broad chronology for the three phases of the Harappan culture?

Early Harappan, c. 3200–2600 BCE; mature Harappan, c. 2600–1900 BCE; and late Harappan, c. 1900–1300 BCE Signup and view all the answers

Who suggested that a migration of people from Sumer may have led to the Harappan civilization?

E.J.H.Mackay Signup and view all the answers

Who argued for a migration of ideas, not people, as the origin of the Harappan civilization?

Mortimer Wheeler Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of Amalananda Ghosh's hypothesis on the origins of the Harappan civilization?

It was based on a comparison of pottery and did not consider other material traits. Signup and view all the answers

What is diffusion?

A way of theorizing about cultural change by the spread of ideas, practices or technologies. Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first archaeologist to identify similarities between a pre-Harappan culture and the mature Harappan culture?

Amalananda Ghosh Signup and view all the answers

What did Mortimer Wheeler argue as the origin of the Harappan civilization?

A migration of ideas from Mesopotamia. Signup and view all the answers

What was a result of an over-emphasis on the Sothi element in the account of the emergence of the Harappan civilization according to the text?

'The result was an over-emphasis on the Sothi element in the account of the emergence of the Harappan civilization.' Signup and view all the answers

'The problems with diffusionist theories' section highlights that diffusion is not a theory but what according to the text?

'A way of theorizing about cultural change.' Signup and view all the answers

'Diffusionist theories' were popular among archaeologists and historians in which centuries according to the text?

19th and early 20th centuries Signup and view all the answers

According to E.J.H.Mackay, what may have led to the Harappan civilization?

A migration of people from Sumer (southern Mesopotamia). Signup and view all the answers

Who asserted that there were similarities between Sothi pottery and the pottery at various sites related to Harappan culture?

Amalananda Ghosh Signup and view all the answers

What type of pottery dominated the early Harappan period at Tarakai Qila?

Kot Dijian Signup and view all the answers

What materials were used to make beads found in the early Harappan settlement at Lewan?

Lapis lazuli and turquoise Signup and view all the answers

What evidence suggests that Lewan was a factory site?

Various kinds of stone tools in different stages of production Signup and view all the answers

What type of material were some beads made of in the early Harappan settlement at Sarai Khola?

Steatite paste Signup and view all the answers

What was the dominant pottery type during Period II at Sarai Khola?

Kot Dijian Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the remains of mud-brick walls, hearths, and a small circular kiln found at Harappa?

Craft activities and diverse range of items produced Signup and view all the answers

What evidence of writing was found in the early Harappan phase at Harappa?

On pottery and seals Signup and view all the answers

Which raw materials were used to produce a diverse range of items at Harappa?

Chert, terracotta, and stone Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a dramatic change from a nomadic life to permanent settlement in the Kot Dijian phase?

Sharp increase in specialized craft activities Signup and view all the answers

What proportion of the sites in the Cholistan region during the Kot Dijian phase had kilns?

~60% Signup and view all the answers

What type of structures were found at Harappa during the early Harappan phase?

Mud-brick walls and hearths Signup and view all the answers

What was the size of the settlement in Period I at Dholavira?

6 ha Signup and view all the answers

What was the standardization of brick size in Period I houses?

3:2:1 Signup and view all the answers

What type of motifs were painted on the distinctive pottery of Period I?

Geometric patterns Signup and view all the answers

Which material was NOT found among the artefacts in houses in Period I?

Steel Signup and view all the answers

What marked the early Harappan phase at Kunal, Banawali, and Rakhigarhi?

Succession to a mature Harappan phase Signup and view all the answers

What was a transitional feature of Period IC between early and mature Harappan phases?

Change from underground to ground-level houses Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant find in Period IB at Kunal?

Introduction of red beakers and jars Signup and view all the answers

What evidence was found at Rakhigarhi indicating a planned settlement in early Harappan Period I?

Ploughed field surface showing furrow marks Signup and view all the answers

What valuable information did Bhirrana provide about the processes leading to the Harappan civilization?

Chronological sequence of Harappan phases Signup and view all the answers

What were found in the remains of Period IB at Bhirrana?

A variety of pottery types including bi-chrome wares Signup and view all the answers

What marked the remains in Period II at Bhirrana?

Succession to mature Harappan phase Signup and view all the answers