Mohenjo-Daro Period I Settlement Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the alternative name given to the 'Indus valley civilization' or 'Indus civilization'?

  • Sarasvati civilization
  • Ghaggar-Hakra civilization
  • Harappan civilization (correct)
  • Sindhu civilization

    • In which country are the majority of the Harappan sites located?

  • Pakistan (correct)
  • India
  • Iran
  • Afghanistan

    • Which river is identified by some scholars as the ancient Sarasvati mentioned in the Rig Veda?

  • Ghaggar-Hakra River (correct)
  • Indus River
  • Tributaries of the Indus River
  • Jhelum River

    • Where is the northernmost site of the Harappan culture zone located?

    <p>Manda, Jammu and Kashmir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What material was the fortification wall of the settlement at Dholavira made of?

    <p>Stone rubble set in mud mortar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bangles were found at the early Harappan sites in Gujarat?

    <p>Plain and segmented terracotta bangles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the terracotta marbles and pounders made of at the Harappan sites?

    <p>Sandstone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was found at the Amri site during the early Harappan Period I?

    <p>Mud-brick structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material was used to make the massive wall at Kot Diji during the early Harappan Period I?

    <p>Limestone rubble and mud-brick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is notable about the pottery in Period I at Kot Diji?

    <p>Short-necked ovoid pots with painted designs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the settlement size of the early Harappan Period I at Rehman Dheri?

    <p>Over 20 hectares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the beads made of that were found at the Nal site in the Khozdar area?

    <p>Lapis lazuli, stone, shell, and paste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which animals were identified from the bones found at the Nal site?

    <p>Cattle, sheep, goat, buffalo, hare, deer, and pig</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which site represents the early Harappan phase in the southern part of the Indus valley and Baluchistan?

    <p>Nal- and Amri-related sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is notable about the pottery in Period IC at Nausharo?

    <p>Wheel-made wares with brownish bands of paint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of artifacts were found at Gumla in Period II?

    <p>Pottery styles similar to Kot Dijian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was found at Mehrgarh that suggested links with the Indus valley by the end of Period VII?

    <p>Kot Diji style vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is notable about the pottery in Period III at Gumla?

    <p>Kot Dijian pottery forms and designs including the 'horned deity'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one assumption about similar discoveries or cultural changes in different parts of the world?

    <p>They are always connected to each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does diffusionist theories often do?

    <p>Ignore the differences between cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest about the transportation and transplantation of technologies or cultural transformations?

    <p>They occur only when there is a strong need in the recipient culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does mere awareness of a different way of life not lead to?

    <p>Transformation of village cultures into urban ones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary when making a case for influence between cultures, according to the text?

    <p>Prove that there was some contact between the ‘donor’ and ‘recipient’ cultures before the change appeared in the latter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did M.R. Mughal compare in his analysis of the evidence from pre-Harappan sites?

    <p>Pre-Harappan and mature Harappan levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stage did M.R. Mughal argue that the ‘pre-Harappan’ phase actually represented?

    <p>The early, formative phase of the Harappan culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What two things were lacking in the early Harappan phase according to M.R. Mughal's analysis?

    <p>Large cities and increased levels of craft specialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes the early Harappan phase extremely important according to M.R. Mughal?

    <p>In its own right as well</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which site is Period II considered early Harappan according to the text?

    <p>Balakot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pottery was found at Balakot during the early Harappan phase?

    <p>Wheel-made and painted pottery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coast is Balakot located on?

    <p>Arabian Sea coast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for using the term 'Harappan' civilization instead of 'Indus' or 'Indus-Saraswati' civilization?

    <p>Harappa was the first identified site of this culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key archaeological feature used to announce the discovery of new sites of the Harappan civilization?

    <p>Red pottery with black designs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the three phases of the Harappan culture?

    <p>Formative, Urban, Post-urban</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did John Marshall initially suggest as the time frame for the flourishing of the Harappan civilization?

    <p>c. 3250–2750 BCE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the 1986–1996 Harappa excavations in terms of dating the Harappan civilization?

    <p>They provided over 70 new radiocarbon dates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which terminology does Jim Shaffer use for the long series of human adaptations related to the Harappan civilization?

    <p>'Indus valley tradition'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did D.P. Agrawal suggest as the time frame for the urban phase in the core regions of the Indus valley, Ghaggar-Hakra valley, and Gujarat?

    <p>$c. 2600–1900 BCE$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of pottery is an important marker associated with the Harappan civilization?

    <p>Red pottery with black designs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the broad chronology for the three phases of the Harappan culture?

    <p>Early Harappan, c. 3200–2600 BCE; mature Harappan, c. 2600–1900 BCE; and late Harappan, c. 1900–1300 BCE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who suggested that a migration of people from Sumer may have led to the Harappan civilization?

    <p>E.J.H.Mackay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who argued for a migration of ideas, not people, as the origin of the Harappan civilization?

    <p>Mortimer Wheeler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of Amalananda Ghosh's hypothesis on the origins of the Harappan civilization?

    <p>It was based on a comparison of pottery and did not consider other material traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is diffusion?

    <p>A way of theorizing about cultural change by the spread of ideas, practices or technologies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first archaeologist to identify similarities between a pre-Harappan culture and the mature Harappan culture?

    <p>Amalananda Ghosh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Mortimer Wheeler argue as the origin of the Harappan civilization?

    <p>A migration of ideas from Mesopotamia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a result of an over-emphasis on the Sothi element in the account of the emergence of the Harappan civilization according to the text?

    <p>'The result was an over-emphasis on the Sothi element in the account of the emergence of the Harappan civilization.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'The problems with diffusionist theories' section highlights that diffusion is not a theory but what according to the text?

    <p>'A way of theorizing about cultural change.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Diffusionist theories' were popular among archaeologists and historians in which centuries according to the text?

    <p>19th and early 20th centuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to E.J.H.Mackay, what may have led to the Harappan civilization?

    <p>A migration of people from Sumer (southern Mesopotamia).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who asserted that there were similarities between Sothi pottery and the pottery at various sites related to Harappan culture?

    <p>Amalananda Ghosh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pottery dominated the early Harappan period at Tarakai Qila?

    <p>Kot Dijian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What materials were used to make beads found in the early Harappan settlement at Lewan?

    <p>Lapis lazuli and turquoise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evidence suggests that Lewan was a factory site?

    <p>Various kinds of stone tools in different stages of production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of material were some beads made of in the early Harappan settlement at Sarai Khola?

    <p>Steatite paste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the dominant pottery type during Period II at Sarai Khola?

    <p>Kot Dijian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the remains of mud-brick walls, hearths, and a small circular kiln found at Harappa?

    <p>Craft activities and diverse range of items produced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evidence of writing was found in the early Harappan phase at Harappa?

    <p>On pottery and seals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which raw materials were used to produce a diverse range of items at Harappa?

    <p>Chert, terracotta, and stone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates a dramatic change from a nomadic life to permanent settlement in the Kot Dijian phase?

    <p>Sharp increase in specialized craft activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What proportion of the sites in the Cholistan region during the Kot Dijian phase had kilns?

    <p>~60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of structures were found at Harappa during the early Harappan phase?

    <p>Mud-brick walls and hearths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the size of the settlement in Period I at Dholavira?

    <p>6 ha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the standardization of brick size in Period I houses?

    <p>3:2:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of motifs were painted on the distinctive pottery of Period I?

    <p>Geometric patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material was NOT found among the artefacts in houses in Period I?

    <p>Steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marked the early Harappan phase at Kunal, Banawali, and Rakhigarhi?

    <p>Succession to a mature Harappan phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a transitional feature of Period IC between early and mature Harappan phases?

    <p>Change from underground to ground-level houses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant find in Period IB at Kunal?

    <p>Introduction of red beakers and jars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evidence was found at Rakhigarhi indicating a planned settlement in early Harappan Period I?

    <p>Ploughed field surface showing furrow marks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What valuable information did Bhirrana provide about the processes leading to the Harappan civilization?

    <p>Chronological sequence of Harappan phases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were found in the remains of Period IB at Bhirrana?

    <p>A variety of pottery types including bi-chrome wares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marked the remains in Period II at Bhirrana?

    <p>Succession to mature Harappan phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

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