Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens Rules of Inference
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used in artificial intelligence for generating conclusions from evidence and facts?

  • Implication
  • Inference (correct)
  • Contrapositive
  • Converse

    • Which term describes the situation where the right-hand side proposition moves to the left-hand side and vice-versa?

  • Contrapositive
  • Inverse
  • Converse (correct)
  • Implication

    • What is the negation of the converse known as?

  • Contrapositive (correct)
  • Converse
  • Inverse
  • Implication

    • Which of the following is NOT a type of Inference rule?

    <p>Hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the representation of logical connectives like 'if...then' in propositional logic?

    <p>(P → Q)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are compound statements shown to be equivalent using truth tables?

    <p>By analyzing truth values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Unification in logic?

    <p>To make two different logical atomic expressions identical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the example provided, what does the UNIFY algorithm do?

    <p>Returns a unifier for two atomic sentences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the UNIFY algorithm fails to find a unifier for two atomic sentences?

    <p>It returns fail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Unification rely on as part of the replacement process?

    <p>Finding a substitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Unification related to First Order Inference (FOI) algorithms?

    <p>It is a key component of FOI algorithms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of applying a unifier to two atomic sentences using the UNIFY algorithm?

    <p>They become indistinguishable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Modus Ponens state?

    <p>If P and P → Q are both true, then Q is true</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best represents Modus Tollens?

    <p>If P → Q is true and ¬Q is true, then ¬P is true</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Hypothetical Syllogism, what can be inferred when P → R and Q → R are both true?

    <p>P → R is true</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Disjunctive Syllogism state?

    <p>If P ∨ Q is true and ¬P is true, then Q is false</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you best describe the relationship between Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens?

    <p>They both deal with implications but in opposite directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of logical inference, what does the statement 'P→Q / P / ∴Q' represent?

    <p>Modus Ponens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of combining declarative and procedural approaches in building an agent?

    <p>Increased efficiency in the agent's code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action does the 'TELL' function perform in a Knowledge-Based Agent (KBA)?

    <p>Informs the knowledge base about the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the generic KBA program do when it receives input percept?

    <p>Increments the counter by 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a Knowledge-Based Agent (KBA) utilize the 'ASK' function?

    <p>To query the knowledge base for a recommended action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the counter 't' represent in the generic KBA program?

    <p>The number of sentences processed by the agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'Perform' action in a Knowledge-Based Agent (KBA)?

    <p>To execute the selected action based on recommendations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a free variable in First Order Logic?

    <p>A variable that occurs outside the scope of a quantifier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a bound variable?

    <p>∀x [A (x) B( y)]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is substitution in First Order Logic?

    <p>A complex operation in the presence of quantifiers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is equality used in First Order Logic?

    <p>To denote that two terms refer to the same object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the equation F[a/x] represent in First Order Logic?

    <p>Substitute constant 'a' for variable 'x'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does First Order Logic use equality when comparing terms?

    <p>To show that two terms refer to the same object</p> Signup and view all the answers

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