66 Questions
At what age does the preference for faces disappear in infants?
1 month
What happens to infants' interest in faces by the age of 3 months?
It becomes influenced by experiences with faces as a social stimulus.
How do 3-6 months old infants respond to faces compared to adults?
They respond differently depending on the species and orientation of the face, like adults.
What advantage in face processing do infants show around 4 months of age?
Left visual field/right hemisphere advantage
What happens to cortical responses to faces as infants develop?
They become more localized.
What is the significance of infants attending to faces according to some researchers?
As a result of dynamic and interesting characteristics and contrasts.
What kind of facial features do preferences for attractive female faces primarily rely on?
Internal facial configurations
Which type of faces elicit preferences for attractiveness when upright?
Upright faces
What do individuals prefer in terms of facial appearance?
Average facial configurations close to the prototype
Why might infants look longer at a less average female face when paired with a more average face?
Due to the less average face's oddity compared to the average face
What role does symmetry play in facial preference, according to the text?
Symmetry may play a part, but only sometimes
Which type of strangers do infants tend to avoid more, according to the text?
Unattractive strangers
What social response do infants show to attractive and unattractive female faces?
They show a differential response.
At what age can infants start categorizing some emotions?
3 months
How do 12-month-olds react to attractive and unattractive faces based on stimuli?
They look longer at the attractive face with pleasant stimuli.
How does the maternal emotional environment affect an infant's ability to discriminate emotional expressions?
It accelerates the development of discrimination ability.
What might infant girls be more advanced at compared to infant boys?
Emotional processing
At what age do infants start to show distinct neural responses to happy and fearful expressions?
7 months
At what age do infants recognize their mother's face to the extent that they show more affect looking at it than a stranger's face?
1 month
Why do newborns of depressed mothers take longer to habituate to their mother's face?
They lack a preference for their mother's face.
At what age do infants recognize a profile view of a face and can recognize a face even after something is added or taken away from the face area?
12 months
What do infants use to process and recognize faces, focusing on both individual features and the relationships among them?
Featural and configural information
When does mirror self-recognition typically occur in infants?
18-24 months
Why do infants show a preference for looking at faces of their own gender?
Based on the sex of their primary caregiver
What changes occur in infants from 4-5 months regarding their self-recognition?
They look longer at videos of others with facial features than videos of themselves.
What is indicated by infants using the right hemisphere more for recognizing faces at 4-5 months?
'The right hemisphere has become specialized for facial recognition.'
'Better recognition of female faces and those of their own race' occurs due to:
'Specialized brain system.'
At what age do infants begin to learn to categorize different types of emotions into 'positive' and 'negative' emotions?
10 months
What do 7-month-old infants primarily categorize when it comes to facial expressions?
Happy faces
At what age do infants begin to use both features and expressions to categorize facial expressions?
8 months
What do infants show more positive behaviors in response to, according to the text?
Happy facial expressions
At what age do infants begin to look at faces more, particularly focusing on the eyes?
2 months
When do infants begin to categorize familiar facial expressions earlier than others?
7 months
What do infants at 3 months have difficulty with in terms of facial processing?
Recognizing facial expressions
Why do 6-month-old infants show an ability to recognize both human and monkey faces?
As a result of experience and exposure to different face types
By what age do infants' discrimination abilities regarding faces become more specialized to humans?
9 months
What is the role of experience in infant face processing based on the text?
Infants' face perception gets more specialized based on exposure
Which aspect of face perception do 9-month-old infants specialize in discriminating according to the text?
Human versus monkey faces
What is the basis of preferences for attractive female faces, according to the text?
Internal facial configurations
Why might infants look longer at a less average female face when paired with a more average face?
The oddity of the less average face
What elicits differential social responses to strangers as infants age?
Facial attractiveness
What role does symmetry play in facial preference, according to the text?
Symmetry may play a part in facial preference, but only sometimes
What do individuals prefer in terms of facial attractiveness, according to the text?
Faces similar to the average prototype
Why do infants avoid unattractive strangers more, based on the text?
'Averageness' preferences from infancy
At what age do infants typically show a preference for faces resurfacing after initially disappearing?
2 months
In face processing, at what age do infants start showing a left visual field/right hemisphere advantage?
4 months
What is the key difference observed in how 3-6 month-old infants respond to faces compared to adults?
They respond differently based on the orientation of the face
How do researchers explain infants' interest in faces as a social stimulus at 3 months of age?
As a behavior influenced by experiences with faces
What development occurs in infants around 4-5 months related to self-recognition?
They show distinct neural responses to happy and fearful expressions
Why might infants show increased interest in faces at 2-3 months of age compared to 1 month?
Because of an increase in contrast sensitivity
What do 10-month-old infants begin to learn to categorize into 'positive' and 'negative' emotions?
Different types of emotions
At what age do infants show more positive behaviors in response to happy facial expressions?
4-6 months
What do 7-month-old infants primarily categorize when it comes to facial expressions?
'Positive' facial expressions
Why do infants at 8 months use both features and expressions to categorize facial expressions?
To enhance the categorization process
What do 4-month-old infants show more understanding of in terms of facial expressions?
'Positive' emotions
At what age do infants show more negative behaviors in response to angry facial expressions?
4-6 months
At what age do infants typically recognize their mother's face to the extent that they show more affect looking at it than a stranger's face?
5 months
Why do infants show more rapid sucking when watching a video of their mother compared to a female stranger?
They have an evolved mechanism to ensure proximity with the mother
At what age do infants begin to lateralize the use of the right hemisphere more than the left for recognizing faces?
4-5 months
What happens to cortical responses to faces as infants develop past 24 months?
Responses shift from novel faces to familiar faces
At what age do infants start recognizing a profile view of a face and can identify a face even after something has been added or removed from the facial area?
12-13 months
Why might infants take longer to habituate to their depressed mother's face?
Because they do not recognize their mother when she is depressed
What do 7-month-olds recognize based on frontal and ¾ views of a face?
'Faceness' better in frontal views
'Faceness' recognition is distinct from recognizing individual faces because:
'Faceness' involves generic facial features processing
'Faceness' recognition differs from processing individual faces in that it:
Concerns generic facial features rather than identity details
What is a reason for infants showing a preference for looking at female faces?
The increased exposure to female faces generally
Explore how infants perceive and process faces, including their preference for faces in the first few months of life and the ability to discriminate between schematic and scrambled faces. Delve into the face-processing abilities infants possess at birth and the reasons behind their interest in faces.
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