Module 4: Introduction to South Africa Weather and Climate
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Questions and Answers

What are the key characteristics that define a climate region?

  • Temperature and wind patterns
  • Wind patterns and humidity levels
  • Temperature and cloud cover
  • Temperature and rainfall averages (correct)

    • Where are Equatorial regions primarily located in Africa?

  • Northern Africa
  • Southern Africa
  • Central Africa and Australia
  • Central Africa and the southern coast of West Africa (correct)

    • What is the main form of precipitation in Equatorial areas?

  • Hailstorms
  • Blizzards
  • Afternoon convection storms (correct)
  • Tornadoes

    • What is the average annual rainfall in Equatorial regions?

    <p>1,500 millimeters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region in Africa experiences limited temperature variation with only a 3°C annual range?

    <p>Equatorial regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of Africa are Tropical regions mainly found?

    <p>East Africa and Congo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the annual temperature range in the Humid subtropical region?

    <p>13°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Highveld region mainly situated?

    <p>Southern Limpopo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average summer temperature in the Semi-arid and desert region?

    <p>30°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region receives around 1,000 millimeters of rain annually primarily during the summer season?

    <p>Humid subtropical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical rainfall pattern in the Mediterranean climate region?

    <p>Common in winter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which region are nighttime temperatures around 5°C?

    <p>Semi-arid and desert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rainfall is predominant in the equatorial regions according to the text?

    <p>Heavy convection rain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does latitude play in affecting temperature and rainfall according to the text?

    <p>Creates convection currents of air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average winter temperature in the Humid subtropical region?

    <p>13°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region experiences dry winters and annual summer rainfall ranging from 400 to 790 millimeters?

    <p>Highveld</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of precipitation occurs when air rises up a mountain and condenses due to the wet adiabatic lapse rate?

    <p>Orographic rain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor explains why coastal areas are more likely to receive rain?

    <p>Ocean currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rain is received by areas in the path of mid-latitude cyclones carried by westerly winds?

    <p>Frontal rain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes noticeable differences between summer and winter seasons as one moves away from the equator?

    <p>Seasonal changes in climate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which local factor affects temperature by causing cold mountain winds to blow down slopes at night?

    <p>Aspect of the place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one effect of subsiding air warming up as it descends?

    <p>Increased water holding capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of air moving from a high-pressure area to a low-pressure area above the Earth's surface?

    <p>Rising air and low pressure formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon occurs when cold, dense air subsides toward the Earth's surface?

    <p>High-pressure area development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows condensation and rainfall to occur in the atmosphere?

    <p>Saturated air with water vapor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant factor contributing to noticeable temperature differences in different regions across Africa?

    <p>Aspect of the place facing equator or away from it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do wind-driven ocean currents influence the air above them?

    <p>Warm ocean currents have warm air above them, while cold ocean currents have cold air above them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do onshore winds play in transporting moisture to coastal areas?

    <p>They bring moisture to coastal areas, making inland places drier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do warm ocean currents affect precipitation in warm ocean maritime climates?

    <p>They result in more rain as warmer air can hold more water vapor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT influenced by the Benguela Current according to the text?

    <p>Mozambique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of precipitation over Earth's landmasses?

    <p>Evaporation from the ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do land and sea breezes work alongside each other?

    <p>By using the pressure gradient formed when air cools down and heats up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rate at which rising air cools known as?

    <p>Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the area formed by the convergence of tropical easterlies?

    <p>ITCZ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the subsiding air between 15° and 30° latitude create?

    <p>Subtropical High-pressure Belts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process leads to dry conditions between 15° and 30° latitude?

    <p>Subsidence Cooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rain is experienced in the Western Cape during winter?

    <p>Frontal Rain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which region does the subsiding air contribute to the creation of the Sahara Desert?

    <p>30° N - 40° N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences the seasonal changes in the position of the ITCZ and high-pressure zones in Africa?

    <p>Westerly Winds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of convection currents near the equator?

    <p>Creation of Low-Pressure Areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

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