Ch 5: Water Management in South Africa
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Questions and Answers

Why are South African rivers described as relatively small compared to other major African rivers like the Zambezi?

  • Lack of significant large lakes in South Africa (correct)
  • Abundance of dams affecting river flows
  • High levels of pollution in South African rivers
  • Presence of small estuaries in South Africa

What is one of the uses of dams in South Africa?

  • Causing disruptions in traditional living areas
  • Reducing water availability for irrigation
  • Increasing infiltration in urban areas
  • Providing water for urban needs (correct)

What is a challenge associated with the implementation of the Free Basic Water (FBW) policy in South Africa?

  • Lack of governmental support for the policy
  • Logistical and financial constraints (correct)
  • Abundance of available water resources
  • Overwhelming public demand for FBW

How do fertilizers and pesticides contribute to water pollution in South Africa?

<p>Through processes like eutrophication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the strategies for sustainable water use mentioned in the text?

<p>Restoring wetlands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of municipalities in water management according to the text?

<p>Responsible for buying, purifying, and distributing water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is highlighted as contributing to the variability in water availability and quality in South Africa?

<p>Both natural and human factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant impact mentioned in relation to dams?

<p>Causing disruptions in traditional living areas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do dams contribute to managing water resources in South Africa?

<p>By providing water for hydroelectric power generation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the challenges associated with urbanization mentioned in the text?

<p>Polluted waters requiring expensive treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average annual rainfall in South Africa?

<p>450 mm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region in South Africa experiences no rain in winter and no summer rain either?

<p>West Coast (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does climate change predict on rainfall in South Africa?

<p>Decrease by 5-10% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are longer dry spells expected due to climate change?

<p>Interior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area is likely to experience increased runoff and stream flow due to climate change?

<p>Interior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significant characteristic of South Africa's climate regarding water resources?

<p>Semi-arid with scarce water resources (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where in South Africa do most areas experience no rain in winter?

<p>South-Western part of Western Cape (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant challenge posed by climate change to water management in South Africa?

<p>Longer dry spells and increased flood frequency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of climate is South Africa classified as?

<p>Semi-Arid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does high evaporation rates have on water resources in South Africa?

<p>Increases water scarcity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average annual rainfall in South Africa compared to the global average?

<p>860 mm compared to 450 mm globally (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region in South Africa is likely to face no summer rain according to the text?

<p>South-western part of the Western Cape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the predicted variations in runoff expected in South Africa due to climate change?

<p>Some areas increase while others decrease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does South Africa's climate classification influence water availability in the country?

<p>It results in low average rainfall and seasonal variations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes water management challenging in South Africa according to the text?

<p>High evaporation rates leading to significant water loss (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area of South Africa is expected to face longer dry spells due to climate change?

<p>Interior and north-eastern areas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does climate change predict on flood occurrences in South Africa?

<p>Increased frequency and severity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the semi-arid classification affect water resources in South Africa in comparison to arid regions?

<p>Semi-arid regions have higher average rainfall than arid regions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do high evaporation rates have on water availability in South Africa?

<p>'Cause significant water loss (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes significantly to climate change challenges related to water management in South Africa?

<p>High evaporation rates causing rapid depletion of water sources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant impact of dams on the environment mentioned in the text?

<p>Disrupting ecosystems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is urbanization a challenge for water management in South Africa according to the text?

<p>It leads to polluted waters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Free Basic Water (FBW) policy in South Africa?

<p>Provide free water to households (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do agricultural activities impact water quality in South Africa?

<p>By contributing to water pollution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the challenges of implementing the Free Basic Water (FBW) policy in South Africa?

<p>Logistical and financial constraints (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do municipalities play in ensuring water supply in South Africa?

<p>Purifying and distributing water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is part of sustainable water use strategies mentioned in the text?

<p>Recycling water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of dams in South Africa as highlighted in the text?

<p>Producing hydroelectric power (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are dams described in relation to managing water resources in South Africa?

<p>They support various water transfer schemes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the roles of government projects like the Lesotho Highlands Water Project mentioned in the text?

<p>Enhance water availability through infrastructure projects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does climate change predict on the frequency and severity of floods in South Africa?

<p>Increase in frequency and severity of floods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which region of South Africa may runoff and stream flow increase due to climate change?

<p>Interior and north-eastern areas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected change in rainfall according to climate change predictions for South Africa?

<p>Decrease by 20% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area in South Africa experiences no rain in winter and no summer rain according to the text?

<p>Southern Cape (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the average annual rainfall in South Africa compared to the global average?

<p>Lower than the global average (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact do high evaporation rates have on water resources in South Africa?

<p>Contribute to water loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the classification of South Africa as a semi-arid country affect water resources in comparison to arid regions?

<p>Decreased water availability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of South Africa experiences dramatic variability in annual rainfall from under 100 mm to around 1000 mm?

<p>West Coast (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor contributes significantly to the low average rainfall in South Africa compared to the global average?

<p>'High evaporation rates' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the challenges associated with the sustainable use of water in South Africa as mentioned in the text?

<p>Recycling water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it challenging to implement the Free Basic Water (FBW) policy in rapidly urbanizing areas?

<p>Lack of financial and logistical support (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do dams impact traditional living areas in South Africa according to the text?

<p>Disrupting traditional living areas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key role of municipalities in water management in South Africa highlighted in the text?

<p>Managing local water resources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of water management in South Africa is significantly impacted by dams according to the text?

<p>Water quality deterioration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the uses of dams in South Africa mentioned in the text?

<p>Producing hydroelectric power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major challenge posed by climate change to water availability and quality in South Africa?

<p>Altered river flows (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does urbanization impact water management in South Africa according to the text?

<p>Leads to polluted waters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact do fertilizers and pesticides have on water quality in South Africa?

<p>Contribute to water pollution through eutrophication processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant impact of dams on the environment mentioned in the text?

<p>Disruptions in traditional living areas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does urbanization lead to reduced infiltration and increased runoff according to the text?

<p>Impervious surfaces like roads and buildings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Free Basic Water (FBW) policy in South Africa?

<p>Providing free water for every household (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do municipalities play in water management in South Africa according to the text?

<p>Distributing water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do dams contribute to managing water resources in South Africa according to the text?

<p>Supporting various water transfer schemes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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