Module 14: Global Migration
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for most people migrating internationally?

  • Employment opportunities (correct)
  • Family reunification
  • Educational advancement
  • Political asylum
  • Which group of people is categorized as internally displaced persons (IDPs)?

  • Individuals fleeing their country for safety
  • Individuals forced to leave their homes but remain within their country (correct)
  • Individuals moving abroad for education
  • Individuals migrating for employment in high-income countries
  • What characterizes the status of a refugee?

  • They migrate for work-related reasons.
  • They flee due to war, violence, conflict, or persecution. (correct)
  • They move for educational purposes.
  • They have a legally defined status under international law.
  • Which of the following is NOT considered a reason for individuals to migrate?

    <p>Increased social media usage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category does the term 'migrant' include as defined by the IOM?

    <p>Persons with undefined legal movement status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the challenges identified with global migration trends?

    <p>Record high levels of global displacement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many international migrants are estimated to exist globally as per the latest estimates?

    <p>272 million (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a pull factor for migration?

    <p>Higher wages in the destination country (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main reasons why the United States has been a major destination for international migrants?

    <p>The perception of safety and opportunity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following countries had approximately 13 million international migrants in 2019?

    <p>Germany (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of international migrants were born in Asia in 2019?

    <p>40% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the IOM, what does the term 'migrant' reflect?

    <p>An umbrella term for a person moving from their place of residence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Germany's migration experience primarily revolve around in recent years?

    <p>Displacement caused by conflicts and disasters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a pull factor in migration?

    <p>Family connections in the destination country (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group represents the largest number of international migrants who lived abroad in 2019?

    <p>Asians (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are considered push factors in migration?

    <p>Threats of violence or loss of financial security (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents pull factors in migration?

    <p>Job opportunities in a destination country (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines internally displaced persons (IDPs)?

    <p>People forced to leave their homes but remain within national borders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main distinction between immigration and emigration?

    <p>Immigration refers to entering a country, while emigration refers to leaving a country (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of human trafficking?

    <p>Forced labor or sexual exploitation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors can drive migration according to the push-pull theory?

    <p>Economic opportunities and educational prospects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key motivation for individuals seeking to immigrate?

    <p>Seeking permanent residency in a developed country (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about migration is true?

    <p>Migration can be influenced by both push and pull factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Global Migration

    The movement of people across international borders for various reasons, including safety, disasters, and political conflict.

    International Migrant

    A person who moves across an international border, temporarily or permanently, for a variety of reasons.

    Major Destination Country (2019)

    The United States had the largest number of international migrants in 2019.

    Reasons for Migration

    People migrate for varied reasons including safety, natural disasters, and political conflict.

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    IOM Definition of Migrant

    A person who moves away from their usual residence, whether within a country or across borders, temporarily or permanently, for various reasons.

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    Migration Trend (2019)

    Asia was a major origin of migrants, with India being a significant source.

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    Major Migrant Destination (2019)

    Countries like the US, Germany and Saudi Arabia received significant numbers of international migrants.

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    Migration Impact

    Migration, although often seen negatively, has contributed positively to the lives of people in receiving countries.

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    Migrant Worker

    An international migrant who moves to another country for employment.

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    Refugee

    A person who flees their country due to war, violence, or persecution and seeks safety in another.

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    Internally Displaced Person (IDP)

    A person who is forced to leave their home but remains within their own country's borders.

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    Labor Migration

    The movement of people from their home country to another for employment.

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    Global Displacement

    The significant increase in people needing to move due to crises, like war or conflict

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    International Migrant Numbers

    Currently an estimated 272 million people are international migrants globally.

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    Reasons to Migrate

    Work is the most common reason for people to migrate internationally, followed by other factors like seeking safety due to conflict or natural disaster.

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    Immigration

    The movement of people to a country they are not native to, to permanently reside there.

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    Human Trafficking

    The illegal trade of human beings for forced labor, sexual exploitation, or commercial sexual exploitation.

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    Push Factors (migration)

    Reasons that drive people to leave a place, often due to violence, threats, or poor economic conditions.

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    Pull Factors (migration)

    Reasons that attract people to a new location, such as better opportunities or a more stable environment.

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    1951 Refugee Convention

    An international agreement that defines the rights and responsibilities of refugees.

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    Push and Pull Factors

    Reasons that drive people away from a place and draw people to a new location, a combination of factors that determine why people migrate.

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    Study Notes

    Module 14: Global Migration

    • Objectives: Students should be able to: develop an overview of migration; identify trends of migration; analyze globalization's effect on migration; understand migration categories; and analyze push and pull factors influencing migration.

    • Global Migration: This involves a complex relationship between causes and effects of people moving across international borders. Reasons include safety, natural disasters, and political conflict.

    • Major Migration Destination: Historically, the US is a primary destination for international migrants, with 51 million in 2019. Many migrants have positively impacted American life.

    • Top Migrant Origin Countries (2019): India, Mexico, and China recorded the highest number of migrants living abroad. Over 40% of the global migrant population originated from Asia, including 17.5 million from India alone.

    • International Migrant Population (2017): 258 million, representing 3.4% of the world's total population.

    • Migrant Flows (2016): 5 million foreign-born people entered OECD countries.

    • Labor Migrants (2015): 150.3 million migrant workers globally.

    • International Students (2016): 4.8 million students, increasing from 2 million in 2000.

    • Remittances (2017): $466 billion sent to low- and middle-income countries, surpassing official development assistance.

    • Displaced Persons (2017): 68.5 million forcibly displaced globally due to persecution, conflict, violence, or human rights violations.

    • Irregular Migrants (2009): Estimated 50 million.

    • Refugees (2017): 25.4 million registered refugees.

    • Migrant Deaths/Missing (2017): At least 6,163 migrant deaths or disappearances.

    • Human Trafficking/Modern Slavery (2016): Estimated 25 million victims of forced labor.

    • Migrant Smuggling (2016): 2.5 million irregular migrants were smuggled, with an estimated USD 5.5-7 billion in economic activity.

    • Returns (2017): 72,176 voluntary returns supported by IOM.

    • Migrant Contribution (2015): Migrants contributed $6.7 trillion (9.4%) to global GDP.

    • Children (2017): 14% of the global migrant population.

    • Women (2017): 48.8% of the global migrant population.

    • Environmental Displacement (2017): 18.8 million people newly displaced by sudden-onset disasters.

    • Governance (2018): IOM's Migration Governance project involves 39 countries.

    • Potential Migration (2015): 66 million adults (1.3%) globally planned to permanently relocate.

    • Public Opinion (2015): 22% of the world's population would prefer national immigration to remain at its current level.

    • Migration Data (2010 Censuses): 87+% of countries asked about country of birth; 75%+ asked for citizenship; and 50% asked about arrival date.

    • Push Factors: These are factors that compel people to leave a country. They include violence, lack of opportunities, and famine.

    • Pull Factors: These attract people to a new country. They involve factors like better economic prospects, a safer environment, and greater opportunities.

    • Migration Effects: Migrants impact families, communities, cities, and countries both positively and negatively. They contribute labor, remittances, and cultural diversity but can also experience discrimination and social tensions.

    Further Study

    • Analyze different case studies of global migration.
    • Investigate the impact of specific push and pull factors on migration patterns.
    • Evaluate the governance and policy implications for migration management.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the essential concepts of global migration, including trends, push and pull factors, and the impact of globalization on migration patterns. Students will analyze historical data regarding major migration destination countries and the origins of international migrants, particularly focusing on statistics from recent years.

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