Modulating the Gut Microbiome

Probiotics, live microorganisms that benefit the host, have been shown to improve gut health in cancer patients. They can enhance the gut barrier, reduce diarrhea, and decrease abdominal discomfort.

Live microorganisms that confer health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. They are often used to restore balance in the gut microbiome.

Probiotics, particularly Saccharomyces boulardii, have proven effective in treating acute watery diarrhea. They can reduce the frequency and duration of diarrhea symptoms.

Substances that promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut. They act as food for these good bacteria.

Probiotics can help prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) by reducing the growth of harmful bacteria like Clostridium difficile. Specific strains like Saccharomyces boulardii are particularly effective against Clostridium difficile infections.

The complex community of microorganisms that live in the human gut. It plays a crucial role in digestion, immunity, and overall health.

Probiotics can contribute to a healthy vaginal environment and reduce the risk of vaginitis. They may also help prevent respiratory tract infections and reduce exacerbations in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Strategies to modify the composition and activity of the gut microbiome. This can include prebiotics, probiotics, and other interventions.

Probiotic administration has been linked to improvements in metabolic health. They can help reduce BMI, blood pressure, and inflammatory markers, as well as improve lipid profile and insulin sensitivity in obese individuals.

A combination of prebiotics and probiotics. It aims to provide both the food and the beneficial bacteria for a healthy gut ecosystem.

Probiotics can help manage type 2 diabetes by reducing blood glucose, HbA1C, LDL and total cholesterol levels.

A treatment where healthy stool from a donor is transplanted into the recipient's gut. It helps restore a balanced microbiome.

Probiotics can help prevent and reduce the severity of atopic dermatitis (eczema) in infants and children. They may also improve the balance of immune cells involved in skin inflammation.

Probiotic supplementation has shown promise in preventing various conditions, including diarrhea, necrotizing enterocolitis, ulcerative colitis, respiratory infections, complications in cystic fibrosis, and eczema.

Used to treat and prevent certain diseases by modulating the gut microbiome. They can target specific gut bacteria or prevent overgrowth of harmful bacteria.

Small RNA molecules involved in gene regulation. They play a role in the gut microbiome by influencing the expression of genes in bacteria.

Non-digestible food components that selectively nourish beneficial gut bacteria.

Prebiotics resist digestion in the upper digestive tract and are fermented by gut bacteria, promoting beneficial effects on the host's health.

Fructooligosaccharides (FOS), galactooligosaccharides (GOS), inulin, xylooligosaccharides (XOS), lactitol, lactosucrose, lactulose, soy oligosaccharides, and transgalactooligosaccharides (TOS).

Prebiotics can increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the gut.

Prebiotics are linked to several health benefits, including preventing cancer, lowering bad cholesterol, boosting the immune system, improving calcium absorption, and maintaining a healthy gut pH.

Prebiotics may regulate hepatic lipogenic enzymes by increasing production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like propionic acid.

Fruits, vegetables, cereals, and other edible plants contain carbohydrates that can act as prebiotics. Not all dietary fiber falls under this category.

Prebiotics are fermented by specific groups of microorganisms, while dietary fiber is used by a wider range of gut bacteria.

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by gut bacteria are a key component of the gut microbiome, playing a role in various functions of the gastrointestinal tract.

SCFAs, particularly butyrate, influence gene expression by modifying histone acetylation, which in turn impacts the availability of genes for transcription factors. This process affects various physiological processes.

Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut. This includes increasing the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species, improving the overall balance of the gut microbiome.

Synbiotics combine prebiotics and probiotics, aiming to enhance the survival and effectiveness of probiotics within the gastrointestinal tract. They also stimulate the growth of specific, native bacterial strains in the gut.

Synbiotics have been shown to improve liver function in individuals with cirrhosis.

Synbiotics contribute to a strong immune system by increasing the production of IgA, an antibody that protects the body from infection. They also enhance the immune response in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALTs).

The gut microbiota produces metabolites, organic molecules produced by the breakdown of food, which play a significant role in regulating various aspects of health and disease. This includes contributing to digestive health, immune function, and even influencing the brain.

Gut microbiota-associated metabolites are increasingly being investigated as potential treatments for various conditions, including inflammatory diseases, metabolic disorders, neurological conditions, and cancer.