Modern Techniques in Biotechnology: Plant Tissue Culture and Transformation

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Who is considered the father of plant tissue culture?

Golliob Haberlandt

What is the process of growing and multiplication of a cell, tissues, and organs or any part of plants on defined nutrient media under controlled environment known as?

Plant tissue culture

Who observed callus formation in an elm tree in 1756?

Henri Louis Duhamel Du Monceau

Who coined the term totipotency to describe the capability of a cell to form an individual plant?

T.H. Morgan Signup and view all the answers

In which year did Schwann express the view that each living cell of a multicellular organism would be capable of developing independently if provided with proper external conditions?

1839 Signup and view all the answers

Who worked on palisade tissue, grew them on knob’s salt solution with sucrose, and observed the growth of cells?

Golliob Haberlandt Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using Agrobacterium tumifaciens in plant tissue history?

to develop a very efficient gene transfer system Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of DNA-coated gold particles accelerated by a pneumatic particle gun in plant tissue history?

to deliver genes into cultured plant cells Signup and view all the answers

Name three types of tissue culture media mentioned in the text.

a) Solid medium b) Liquid medium c) Aeroponic Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main components of tissue culture media composition?

a) Inorganic component (macro nutrients) > 0.5 mmol L-1 b) Organic nutrients; B5 vitamins ~28 chemicals Signup and view all the answers

What are the concentration units used for tissue culture media composition?

PPM, Mol, mg/l Signup and view all the answers

Name three examples of C-sources used in tissue culture media composition.

Sucrose, glucose, fructose Signup and view all the answers

List two categories of organic supplements used in tissue culture media composition.

i. Vitamins: thiamins (B1), nicotinic acid (B3), pyridoxine, myoinositol ii.Amino acids; casein hydrolysate, Glutamine, Asparagine, glycine, arginine and cystein, tyrosine Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of activated charcoal in tissue culture media composition?

to remove toxic compounds Signup and view all the answers

Why are antibiotics used in tissue culture media composition?

to rule out contamination from bacteria, virus, fungus Signup and view all the answers

Name three types of growth regulators used in tissue culture media composition.

<ol> <li>Auxins- 2,4-D, IAA, NAA, IBA 2) Cytokinins eg. BA, BAP, Zeatin, Kinetin 3) Gibberellins and Absicic acid eg. GA3, ABA</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

In plant tissue culture, totipotency refers to the capability of a cell to form an individual ______.

plant Signup and view all the answers

The process of growing and multiplication of a cell, tissues, and organs or any part of plants on defined nutrient media under controlled environment is known as plant tissue ______.

culture Signup and view all the answers

Henri Louis Duhamel Du Monceau observed callus formation in an ______ tree in 1756.

elm Signup and view all the answers

In 1902, German Botanist Golliob Haberlandt, considered the father of plant tissue culture, worked on palisade tissue and grew them on knob’s salt solution with ______ and observed the growth of cells.

sucrose Signup and view all the answers

Schwann, T.H expressed the view that each living cell of a multicellular organism would be capable of developing independently if provided with proper ______ conditions.

external Signup and view all the answers

Hanning excised mature embryos from crucifers and grew them to maturity on mineral salt and ______ medium.

sugary Signup and view all the answers

A very efficient gene transfer system was developed using the natural gene transfer mechanism of Agrobacterium tumifaciens by G. et al. in the year ______.

1985 Signup and view all the answers

DNA-coated gold particles accelerated by a pneumatic particle gun were used to deliver genes into cultured plant cells by A., M., M., and Y. in the year ______.

1990 Signup and view all the answers

The concentration unit used for tissue culture media composition is ______.

PPM Signup and view all the answers

At a low pH, many elements become ______ available to plants.

less Signup and view all the answers

Stock solutions are concentrated solutions of groups of media chemicals that are prepared ahead of time and used to make several batches of media. These stock solutions are ______ times more concentrated than the final media.

20X Signup and view all the answers

Major salts in tissue culture media composition consist of six major elements: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and ______.

sulfur Signup and view all the answers

The process of growing and multiplication of a cell, tissues, and organs or any part of plants on defined nutrient media under controlled environment is known as ______.

tissue culture Signup and view all the answers

Activated charcoal in tissue culture media composition is used to ______ toxic compounds.

remove Signup and view all the answers

The pH range critical for ions and nutrient uptake in tissue culture media is ______.

5.6-5.8 Signup and view all the answers

Amino acids such as casein hydrolysate, glutamine, asparagine, glycine, arginine, and cysteine are examples of ______ used in tissue culture media composition.

organic supplements Signup and view all the answers