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Questions and Answers
What is a primary advantage of plant tissue culture?
What is a primary advantage of plant tissue culture?
- Elimination of the need for soil
- Rapid multiplication of disease-free plants (correct)
- Increased genetic diversity among plants
- Decreased need for environmental control
Which of the following is a disadvantage of plant tissue culture?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of plant tissue culture?
- Wide applicability for all plant species
- High initial costs for setup (correct)
- Requires minimal technical skills
- Long process for plant maturation
What role do growth regulators play in plant tissue culture?
What role do growth regulators play in plant tissue culture?
- They prevent the growth of any plant tissues
- They are used solely for rooting media
- They control the growth and differentiation of plant cells (correct)
- They enhance the genetic diversity of plant cultures
Which media component is typically responsible for supporting the growth of plant tissues in culture?
Which media component is typically responsible for supporting the growth of plant tissues in culture?
What is a fundamental concept in increasing the production of pharmaceuticals through plant tissue culture?
What is a fundamental concept in increasing the production of pharmaceuticals through plant tissue culture?
Why is it important to record advances in plant biotechnology?
Why is it important to record advances in plant biotechnology?
What is a common method for micropropagation in endangered plants?
What is a common method for micropropagation in endangered plants?
Which of the following statements best explains the term 'elicitation protocols' in natural product enhancement?
Which of the following statements best explains the term 'elicitation protocols' in natural product enhancement?
What is one of the primary advantages of plant tissue culture?
What is one of the primary advantages of plant tissue culture?
Which of the following describes a common problem associated with plant tissue culture?
Which of the following describes a common problem associated with plant tissue culture?
What is typically included in the nutritional requirements for plant tissue culture?
What is typically included in the nutritional requirements for plant tissue culture?
Which stage is NOT typically part of the plant tissue culture process?
Which stage is NOT typically part of the plant tissue culture process?
What is the primary goal of plant regeneration in tissue culture?
What is the primary goal of plant regeneration in tissue culture?
Which of the following factors can negatively affect plant tissue culture productivity?
Which of the following factors can negatively affect plant tissue culture productivity?
What is one method used to increase secondary metabolite production in plant tissue culture?
What is one method used to increase secondary metabolite production in plant tissue culture?
What is one of the primary principles of plant tissue culture?
What is one of the primary principles of plant tissue culture?
Which is an advantage of plant tissue culture?
Which is an advantage of plant tissue culture?
A major disadvantage of plant tissue culture is its:
A major disadvantage of plant tissue culture is its:
During plant tissue culture, what is a crucial stage in the process?
During plant tissue culture, what is a crucial stage in the process?
What is one factor that can limit the effectiveness of plant tissue culture?
What is one factor that can limit the effectiveness of plant tissue culture?
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Study Notes
Biotechnology: Four Colors
- Biotechnology is the application of biological principles to produce goods and services
- Green biotechnology focuses on environmentally friendly solutions to low crop productivity caused by human activities
- Red biotechnology focuses on medical applications, for example, producing pharmaceuticals
- White biotechnology focuses on industrial applications, for example, bioremediating pollutants
- Blue biotechnology focuses on marine applications, such as aquaculture and biofuel production
Plant Tissue Culture
- Advantages:
- Production of disease-free plants
- Mass propagation
- Conservation of endangered species
- Production of valuable secondary metabolites
- Disadvantages:
- Labor-intensive
- Sterile environment required
- Expensive
- Stages:
- Initiation: Explant is sterilized and cultured on growth medium
- Multiplication: Culture is maintained and propagated
- Rooting: Roots develop
- Acclimatization: Plants are transferred to greenhouse or field conditions
Biotechnological Production of Herbal Drugs
- The course focuses on the scope and practice of plant biotechnology
- Covers the basic principles of biotechnology and the four colors of biotechnology
- Discusses downstream processes of plant cells and tissue culture
- Examines genetic engineering techniques
- Explores potential applications of biotechnology in the market
Plant Genetic Manipulation
- Advantages of Genetically Modified (GM) Crops:
- Increased yield
- Pest resistance
- Herbicide tolerance
- Improved nutrient content
- Disadvantages of Genetically Modified (GM) Crops:
- Potential environmental risks, such as gene flow to non-GM crops
- Potential human health risks, such as allergies
- Concerns over corporate control of agriculture
Pharmaceutical Applications of Biotechnology
- Plant biotechnology can be used to produce:
- Pharmaceuticals, such as insulin and human growth hormone
- Vaccines, such as the Hepatitis B vaccine
- Diagnostic tools
- Agricultural products, such as pest-resistant crops
- Plant tissue culture has been used to produce valuable secondary metabolites, like:
- Taxol for cancer treatment
- Vincristine and vinblastine for leukemia treatment
Green Biotechnology
- Green biotechnology aims to provide environmentally friendly solutions to low crop productivity
- It can be used to create crops resistant to insects and pests, and with increased drought tolerance
- Potential benefits include:
- Increased crop yield
- Reduced pesticide use
- Improved nutritional value of crops
- Enhanced durability of harvested products
- Potential risks:
- Gene transfer to other species
- Allergic reactions
- Socioeconomic consequences, such as unequal access to technology and resources
Midterm:
- 30 marks
Semester Activity:
- 10 marks for quizzes
- 10 marks for activities & presentations
- 5 marks for student attendance
- 5 marks for student portfolio
Final Exam:
- 40 marks
Total marks: 100
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