Modern Political Ideology Overview

Islam emphasizes the importance of living out faith in everyday life, not just holding beliefs.

Islam values both spiritual and material aspects of life, aiming for harmony and balance.

Islam provides a comprehensive framework for all aspects of life, from individual conduct to global affairs.

Islam recognizes the individual's unique identity and accountability to God while emphasizing social harmony.

Islam promotes universal equality among all people, regardless of differences.

Islam aims to prevent wealth concentration by promoting economic justice and social security.

Fascism is a political ideology characterized by a strong, centralized state with absolute power.

Fascism prioritizes the nation above individual rights, emphasizing loyalty and service to the state.

A belief that the free market should be minimally regulated by the government, allowing businesses to operate freely and generate wealth.

A political ideology that emphasizes the preservation of tradition and established societal values, often rooted in religious principles.

The idea that the way a society organizes its production and resources shapes its social hierarchy and political system.

The difference between the value of goods produced by workers and the wages they receive, with the surplus going to the capitalist owners.

A belief that a revolution, driven by class struggle, is inevitable and necessary to overthrow capitalism and establish a classless society.

A temporary period following the overthrow of capitalism, where the state transitions to a classless society, eliminating private property and exploitation.

The ultimate goal of Marxism, a society without class divisions, where the means of production are collectively owned and there is no exploitation.

A belief that human beings are flawed and therefore need limits on political activity.

Classical liberalism emphasizes the importance of individual freedom, rational thought, and limited government interference in individuals' lives.

Modern liberalism emphasizes the role of government in protecting individual freedoms and promoting economic fairness, even if it means limiting individual choices in some areas.

In the late 19th century, it became clear that the free market wasn't always fair and led to large inequalities. This led to the development of modern liberalism which advocated for government interventions to mitigate these issues.

Classical conservatism emphasizes the importance of tradition, order, stability, and gradual change in society.

Classical conservatives believe that humans are not entirely rational and can be driven by irrational emotions and impulses. Therefore, they believe that strong institutions and traditions are necessary to maintain order and stability.

Classical conservatives prioritize order and stability as essential for the functioning of society and the protection of individual liberty.

Classical conservatives generally favor gradual change, believing that rapid and drastic changes can disrupt society and threaten its stability. They argue that society requires time to adjust to new ideas and circumstances.

Classical conservatives believe that government plays a crucial role in maintaining law and order, ensuring the safety of its citizens, and upholding social values.

Marxist theory views the state as a tool used by the dominant class to exploit the subordinate class in society.

Marxist feminism argues that gender inequality is a result of economic factors, like the relationship between men and women to production, rather than purely cultural reasons.

Engels believed that the oppression of women originated with the rise of private property. This led men to prioritize bequeathing property to their children, establishing patriarchal families.

Marxists argue that the solution to ending gender inequality lies in bringing women back into the sphere of social production, challenging the traditional division of labor.

Marxists argue that the state, even after the abolition of class society, would still be necessary to regulate and manage social needs. Therefore, gender inequality might persist.

Critics of Marxist feminism argue that sexism, rather than classism, is the fundamental cause of gender inequality. They believe that simply eliminating class society won't solve the issue.

Marxist feminists believe that gender inequality stems from the disparity in power between men and women in relation to the means of production.

Marxist feminists believe that social production is linked to the liberation of women, as it challenges the traditional division of labor.

The belief that gender inequality is a result of societal structures and capitalism, which can be overcome by abolishing class hierarchy.

A critique of Marxist theory arguing that abolishing class rule wouldn't automatically solve the problem of representing diverse interests, as the division of labor itself can create inequalities.

The belief that Islamic principles offer a framework for empowering women and ensuring their dignity, while also promoting their role as nurturing figures within the family.

A key tenet of Islamic feminism, emphasizing the complementary roles of men and women, where both are equally important and valued for their distinct contributions.

The emphasis on women's rights to education, employment, and personal development within the context of Islamic values, encouraging their intellectual and professional pursuits.

The affirmation that women's roles and responsibilities evolve throughout their lives, particularly in relation to motherhood, marriage, and family life, which are respected and valued by Islam.

The view within Islamic feminism that women's right to work is recognized when necessary, particularly in fields that suit their nature and societal needs.

The idea that men and women were created as companions on earth, with a shared purpose of supporting and complementing one another, as emphasized in the Quran.

A type of social movement that emphasizes the importance of a shared cultural identity and national unity. It often promotes the idea of a nation-state, where a single nation is dominant.

A philosophy that emphasizes the interconnectedness and interdependence of all people and nations. It promotes cooperation and peace among different countries and cultures.

The belief that individual nations should be free to act independently of others, even if it means violating international agreements or laws.

The principle of international organizations having the power to make decisions that are binding on all member states, even if those decisions go against a particular nation's interests

The idea that nations should not resort to war to settle disputes, and should instead seek peaceful solutions through diplomacy and international mediation.

The principle that nations should cooperate with each other to prevent aggression and help victims of conflict. This can involve providing aid, deploying peacekeeping troops, or imposing sanctions.

The idea that nationalism, as a form of strong national identity, can often hinder the development of internationalism. It can create barriers to cooperation and lead to conflicts, often based on historical grievances or competing interests.

The argument that internationalism cannot fully succeed as long as nation-states remain the primary form of political organization. Nation-states often act in self-interest, even when it goes against global needs.