10 Questions
What is ionization energy?
The amount of energy needed to remove an electron from an atom or ion
How does the effective nuclear charge affect the position of electrons in an atom?
It repels the electrons, leading to an increase in energy level radius
How does ionization energy change as we move down a group in the periodic table?
It decreases
What happens to the nucleus charge when a negative ion is formed?
It remains the same as the number of electrons increases
What is the relationship between nucleus charge and the attraction force on electrons?
The nucleus charge increases, leading to a decrease in attraction force on electrons
What happens to the repulsion force between electrons as the number of electrons in a negative ion increases?
It increases, leading to an increase in the energy level radius
How does the nucleus charge affect the attraction force on electrons and its involvement in decreasing the gradation of properties in the periodic table?
It decreases, leading to a decrease in the attraction force between the nucleus and the out
What is ionization energy?
The amount of energy needed to remove an electron from an atom or ion
What happens to ionization energy as we move down a group in the periodic table?
It decreases
How does the larger effective nuclear charge affect the position of electrons in an atom?
It pulls electrons closer to the nucleus
Study Notes
The Modern Periodic Table
- Consists of 18 groups (vertical) and 7 rows (horizontal)
- Can be divided into 4 blocks: Block P, Block S, Block D, and Block F
Atomic Radius
- Defined as the distance between the center of two identical atoms in one molecule
- In a row (horizontal):
- Decreases with increasing atomic number
- Due to increasing positive charge in the nucleus and the electron added in the same level not shielding from the nuclear pull or attraction
- In a column (vertical):
- Increases with increasing atomic number
- Due to:
- Electron added in the new level being far away from the nuclear charge
- Full energy levels shielding the effect of the nucleus force from the outer electrons level
Ionic Size
- Positive ion:
- Outer electrons are removed, resulting in a nucleus with more positive charge than the total negative charge from electrons
- Impacts ionic size due to the changed charge balance
Test your knowledge of the modern periodic table and its properties, including the arrangement of groups and periods, as well as the gradation of atomic radius. Understand the trends in atomic size and the factors that influence it.
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