Questions and Answers
What significant invention is attributed to James Watt?
Who is known as the 'Father of Railways'?
What was the primary purpose of Robert Fulton's steamboat 'Clermont'?
What was a significant limitation of Richard Trevithick's locomotive 'New Castle'?
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Which locomotive was capable of reaching speeds of 30 miles per hour?
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Who developed Coulomb's Law in the 18th century?
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Who developed the first antibiotic in 1945?
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Which scientist is known for the development of the first polio vaccine?
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What innovative gas did Joseph Priestley discover in 1774?
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What was the name of the first artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1957?
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Which of the following locomotives was specifically designed to tow coal?
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Which two scientists were instrumental in the discovery of HIV and AIDS awareness?
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What notable achievement is attributed to Orville and Wilbur Wright in 1903?
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What technology allowed multiple computers to communicate on a single network?
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Who is credited with the creation of the World Wide Web in 1989?
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Which of the following was introduced to identify each device connected to the Internet?
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In what year was the World Wide Web opened to the public?
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What does HTTP stand for in the context of the Internet?
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Who is considered the 'Father of Genetics'?
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What significant contribution did Albert Einstein make in 1905?
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What did Oswald Avery demonstrate in 1944 about genetics?
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Which theory did Max Planck develop in 1900?
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What achievement is Robert Goddard known for?
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Which scientists proposed the double helix model of DNA?
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What effect explains the release of electrons from materials when light hits them?
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What did Erwin Schrödinger's equation contribute to science in 1926?
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Which computer is considered the first programmable electronic computer?
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What was the significance of the Harvard Mark 1?
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Which invention is associated with James Russell?
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What was the purpose of the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET)?
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Which team is known as the Traitorous Eight?
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What was the IBM 608 Model known for?
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When did the floppy disk gain popularity?
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Which of the following individuals contributed to the development of the Manchester Baby Computer?
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Study Notes
Transportation Industry Pioneers
- James Watt developed the steam engine in 1765, enhancing efficiency in fuel consumption.
- Matthew Boulton collaborated with Watt, advancing steam engine technology for riverboats and land transport.
- Richard Trevithick created the locomotive “New Castle,” which failed due to excessive weight causing railway collapse.
- George Stephenson, known as the “Father of Railways,” created the effective locomotive "Blucher" for coal transport and the "Rocket," achieving speeds of 30 mph for the Liverpool and Manchester Railway.
- Robert Stephenson, George's brother, designed "Locomotion No. 1," which reached 12 mph.
- Robert Fulton applied the steam engine principles to build the North River Steamboat “Clermont.”
Science and Technology in the 18th and 19th Century
- Charles-Augustin de Coulomb contributed to physical science with Coulomb's Law in the 18th century.
- Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen gas in 1774, collecting it from heated mercury.
- Alfred Wallace published “On Tendency of Varieties to Depart Indefinitely from the Original Type” in 1858, impacting evolutionary biology.
- Gregor Mendel, known as the “Father of Genetics,” conducted pea plant experiments (1856-1863) and formulated models of inheritance, aiding the Theory of Evolution.
Science and Technology in the 20th Century
- Max Planck proposed Quantum Theory in 1900, laying groundwork for modern physics.
- Albert Einstein introduced the Theory of Relativity in 1905 and described the photoelectric effect, explaining electron behaviors.
- Erwin Schrödinger formulated a Quantum Mechanics equation (1926), facilitating semiconductor and atomic power development.
- Robert Goddard successfully launched the first rocket in 1926.
- James Chadwick identified neutrons in atomic nuclei, enhancing atomic understanding.
- Oswald Avery demonstrated that DNA carries genetic information (1944).
Advances in Medicine
- Francis Crick and James Watson proposed the double helix model of DNA in 1953.
- Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928, revolutionizing bacterial infection treatment.
- Howard Florey and Ernst Chain developed the first antibiotic in 1945.
- Jonas Salk created the first polio vaccine in 1961; Albert Sabin later produced an oral variant.
Space Exploration and Aviation
- Orville and Wilbur Wright launched the first powered, manned aircraft in 1903.
- The Soviet Union launched “Sputnik,” the first artificial satellite, in 1957 and facilitated the first manned space flight in 1961.
- NASA's Mercury and Apollo programs included the notable Apollo 11 moon landing.
Computer and the Age of Information
- Tommy Flowers developed “Colossus,” the first programmable electronic computer, in 1943.
- Howard Aiken collaborated with IBM to create the Harvard Mark 1 in 1944.
- Frederic Williams and Tom Kilburn built the Manchester Baby Computer (1946-1947).
- William Shockley mass-produced transistors, catalyzing semiconductor advancements.
- IBM launched the 604 Electronic Calculating Punch (1948), outperforming earlier models.
- The first commercially viable storage device, the floppy disk, gained popularity with the Apple II in 1977.
- James Russell invented the Compact Disk (CD) system, licensed by Sony and Philips in the 1980s.
Internet Development
- ARPANET was the first operational packet-switching network, paving the way for the internet.
- Tim Berners-Lee developed the World Wide Web in 1989, introducing HTML and HTTP.
- The internet facilitated global connectivity, transforming communication and data sharing.
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Description
Explore the pioneers of the transportation industry in the Modern Ages, focusing on influential figures like James Watt and Richard Trevithick. This quiz covers the contributions of these innovators and their impact on steam power and locomotive technology. Test your knowledge on the advancements that shaped modern transportation!
