MLS 100: Endocrine System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the endocrine system?

The endocrine system is a collection of glands that produce and secrete hormones, which act as chemical messengers to regulate various bodily functions, including metabolism, growth, development, reproduction, and mood.

What are the key differences between the endocrine response and the neural response in terms of speed and duration?

There is no significant difference between the endocrine and neural responses in terms of speed and duration.
The endocrine response is much slower and longer-lasting than the neural response. (correct)
The endocrine response is similar in speed and duration to the neural response.
The endocrine response is much faster and shorter-lasting than the neural response.

What are the endocrine glands involved in regulating blood calcium levels?

The parathyroid glands and the thyroid gland are the primary endocrine glands involved in regulating blood calcium levels.

What are the two hormones produced by the adrenal medulla, and what is their primary function?

The adrenal medulla produces epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline). These hormones are involved in the "fight-or-flight" response, preparing the body for stressful situations. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the pineal gland?

The pineal gland secretes melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles and plays a role in reproductive cycles in many mammals. Signup and view all the answers

What are the main hormones produced by the pancreas, and what are their primary roles in regulating blood sugar levels?

The pancreas produces insulin and glucagon. Insulin lowers blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake by cells, while glucagon raises blood glucose levels by stimulating the breakdown of glycogen in the liver. Signup and view all the answers

What are the major hormones produced by the ovaries and what are their primary functions?

The ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen plays a key role in female sexual development and reproductive cycles, while progesterone is essential for preparing the uterus for pregnancy. Signup and view all the answers

What are the major hormones produced by the testes and what is their primary function?

The testes produce testosterone, which is the primary male sex hormone. It plays a vital role in male sexual development, sperm production, and the maintenance of masculine characteristics. Signup and view all the answers

The pituitary gland is sometimes referred to as the "master gland" because it controls the activities of other endocrine glands.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following hormones with their producing gland

Thyroid = Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans) = Insulin, Glucagon Anterior Pituitary = Growth hormone (GH) Ovaries = Estrogen, Progesterone Testes = Testosterone Parathyroid = Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Pineal = Melatonin Adrenal Cortex = Cortisol Adrenal Medulla = Epinephrine, Norepinephrine Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Endocrine System Function

The endocrine system produces hormones which regulate various bodily functions.

Endocrine vs. Neural Response

Endocrine responses are slower and longer-lasting than neural responses.