Questions and Answers
What is a mixture?
How can mixtures be classified?
As heterogeneous mixtures or homogeneous mixtures
How can mixtures be separated?
By using differences in physical properties
Mixtures are classified as ______ and ______ mixtures.
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What type of properties can be used to separate mixtures?
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Explain the term phase as it relates to homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.
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Classify each of the following as a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture: a) Food coloring, b) Ice cubes in liquid water, c) Mouthwash, d) Mashed unpeeled potatoes.
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How are a substance and a solution similar and different?
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When would you use filtration to separate a mixture?
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When would you use distillation to separate a mixture?
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Describe a procedure to separate a mixture of sand and table salt.
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Study Notes
Mixtures
- Mixture: A physical blend of two or more components, which can be classified into heterogeneous or homogeneous categories.
Types of Mixtures
- Heterogeneous Mixture: Composition is not uniform throughout; different components can be distinguished.
- Homogeneous Mixture: Composition is uniform throughout; appears as a single phase.
- Solution: Another term for a homogeneous mixture, where substances are evenly distributed.
Key Definitions
- Phase: Refers to any part of a sample that has uniform composition and properties. A homogeneous mixture has one phase; a heterogeneous mixture has two or more.
Separation Techniques
- Filtration: A method used to separate a solid from a liquid in a heterogeneous mixture by passing it through a filter.
- Distillation: A technique that involves boiling a liquid to create vapor, which is then condensed back into a liquid to separate components based on differing boiling points.
Classification of Mixtures
- Mixtures can be classified based on the distribution of their components: either as heterogeneous or homogeneous.
Physical Properties for Separation
- Separation relies on differences in physical properties such as size, state, and solubility.
Comparison of Substance and Solution
- Both substances and solutions have a uniform composition throughout. However, a substance has a definite composition, while a solution may have variable composition.
Application of Separation Techniques
- Use filtration for separating solids from liquids in heterogeneous mixtures and distillation for separating liquids or solvents from dissolved substances.
Example of Separation Procedure
- To separate sand and table salt:
- Add water to dissolve the salt while sand remains undissolved.
- Filter the mixture to separate sand from saltwater.
- Evaporate the water from the salt solution to obtain solid salt.
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Description
Explore essential vocabulary related to mixtures through these flashcards. This quiz covers definitions of homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures, solutions, and key processes like filtration. Perfect for studying the concepts of mixtures in physical science.
