Chemistry Vocabulary Quiz

Chemistry Vocabulary

WHMIS: Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (a system for identifying and classifying hazardous materials).
Compound: A substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded.
Heterogeneous Mixture: Mixture in which the components are not uniformly distributed
Homogeneous Mixture: Mixture in which the components are uniformly distributed.
Pure Substance: A substance with a fixed composition and uniform properties throughout.
Chemical Properties: Characteristics that describe how a substance reacts with other substances.
Physical Properties: Characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's composition, such as color, density, and melting point.
Atomic Mass: The average mass of an element's atoms.
Molecular Compound: A compound composed of molecules.
Exothermic Reaction: Chemical reaction that releases energy (often in the form of heat).
Endothermic Reaction: Chemical reaction that absorbs energy (often in the form of heat).
Physical Change: Change that alters the substance's appearance without changing its composition.
Chemical Change: Change that alters the substance's composition and creates a new substance.
Atomic Number: Number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
Ion and Ion Charge: Charged atoms/groups of atoms formed when atoms gain or lose electrons.
Ion Charge: The positive or negative electrical charge of an ion.
Law of Conservation of Mass: Matter cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions, only transformed.
Protons: Positively charged particles found in an atom's nucleus.
Neutrons: Neutral particles found in an atom's nucleus.
Electrons: Negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus.
Cation: Positively charged ion.
Anion: Negatively charged ion.
Bohr Model: A model of an atom that portrays an atom's electrons as orbiting the central nucleus in specific orbits.

Vocabulary

Organic Compounds: Compounds containing carbon, often found in living organisms.
Inorganic Compounds: Compounds that do not contain carbon, or if they do, they are considered to behave inorganically.
Carbohydrates: Organic compounds predominantly made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (e.g., sugars, starches).
Lipids: Organic compounds that store energy (e.g., fats, oils, waxes).
Vitamins: Organic molecules needed in small amounts for metabolic processes.
Nucleic Acids: Organic compounds vital for genetic information storage (e.g., DNA, RNA).
Saturated Fat: Fats that have only single bonds between carbon atoms, usually solid at room temperature.
Unsaturated Fat: Fats that have at least one double or triple bond between carbon atoms, usually liquid at room temperature.
Diffusion: The spreading of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Ingestion: Act of consuming or taking in.
Osmosis: Movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from a high to low water concentration.
Biomagnification: Increase in concentration of harmful substances as it progresses through trophic levels in a food chain.
Bioaccumulation: The build-up of a substance in an organism over time.
Toxicity: The degree to which a substance is harmful.
Dissolved Nitrates and Phosphates: Essential nutrients, dissolved in water.
PPB (Parts per Billion): A measure of concentration
PPT (Parts per Ten Thousand): A measure of concentration.
PPM (Parts per Million): A measure of concentration.
LD50: Lethal dose for 50% of test population.
Pesticide: Substance used to kill harmful pests.
Remediation: Effort to undo or repair ecological damage.
Effluent: Wastewater or liquid industrial discharge.
Biological Indicators: Organisms sensitive to environmental changes, used to measure pollution levels.
pH Scale: Scale indicating acidity (0-7), neutrality (7) and alkalinity (7-14).
Pollutant: Substance that contaminates the environment.
Dispersion: Spreading of particles throughout a region.
Leach: Process of dissolving and removing matter from a substance.
Base: In chemistry, a substance that accepts protons to become neutral.
Pollution: Contamination of the environment due to harmful substances.
Turbidity: Measure of cloudiness in a liquid.
Universal Indicator: A solution that changes color depending on the pH of a solution.
Litmus Paper: Paper that changes color depending on whether it's in an acidic, basic, or neutral solution.
Tailings Ponds: Bodies of water that contain waste from mining operations.
Groundwater: Water located beneath the earth's surface.
Acid Rain: Rain that has a lower pH than normal.
Proteins: Large organic molecules, made of amino acids, used for structure, function, and regulation.
Nutrients (Macro/Micro): Chemical components essential for life processes.