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Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes a solution?
Which of the following best describes a solution?
- A heterogeneous mixture that scatters light.
- A homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved into another. (correct)
- A mixture of two or more substances that are chemically bonded.
- A mixture where particles settle out over time.
In a saltwater solution, what is the solute?
In a saltwater solution, what is the solute?
- The salt. (correct)
- The water.
- The glass container.
- The mixture itself.
Which of these is an example of a chemical change?
Which of these is an example of a chemical change?
- Boiling water.
- Dissolving sugar in water.
- Burning wood. (correct)
- Melting ice.
A reaction that releases heat into the surroundings is described as:
A reaction that releases heat into the surroundings is described as:
Which of the following is NOT typically an indication a chemical reaction has taken place?
Which of the following is NOT typically an indication a chemical reaction has taken place?
Flashcards
Solution
Solution
A type of mixture where the particles of one substance are evenly distributed throughout another substance. The particles are too small to be seen with the naked eye and don't settle out.
Solvent
Solvent
The substance that dissolves another substance in a solution.
Solute
Solute
A substance that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution.
Solubility
Solubility
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Chemical change
Chemical change
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Study Notes
Mixtures and Solutions
- A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded. There are various types of mixtures, including solutions, colloids, and suspensions.
- A solution is a homogeneous mixture, meaning its components are evenly distributed.
- The solvent is the substance that dissolves the other substance.
- The solute is the substance that dissolves in the solvent.
- Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
- A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture where the particles are larger than those in a solution but still remain dispersed.
- A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture where the particles are large enough to settle out over time.
Physical vs. Chemical Changes
- A physical change alters the form or appearance of a substance but does not change its chemical composition. Examples involve dissolving, melting, and boiling
- A chemical change transforms one or more substances into entirely new substances with different properties. This involves chemical reactions.
Chemical Reactions
- Reactants are the substances that undergo a chemical change.
- Products are the substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
- Chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms to form new substances.
- A reaction is the act or process of undergoing a chemical change.
Types of Reactions
- An endothermic reaction absorbs thermal energy from the surroundings, causing a temperature drop.
- An exothermic reaction releases thermal energy to the surroundings, causing a temperature increase.
Identifying a Chemical Reaction
- Signs that a chemical reaction has occurred include:
- Formation of a precipitate (a solid that separates from a solution).
- Change in color.
- Production of a gas (bubbles).
- Release or absorption of heat.
- Production of light.
- If any of these changes occur, a chemical reaction has likely taken place.
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