Mitosis vs. Meiosis: Genetic Diversity & DNA Replication
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Questions and Answers

The process that increases genetic diversity within a population is:

  • asexual reproduction
  • cell division
  • sexual reproduction (correct)
  • binary fission

Haploid cells are formed:

  • both mitosis and meiosis
  • occurs in meiosis (correct)
  • occurs in mitosis
  • neither mitosis or meiosis

An increase in the number of chromosomes from generation to generation is prevented:

  • occurs in mitosis
  • occurs in meiosis
  • both mitosis and meiosis (correct)
  • neither mitosis or meiosis

Each chromosome doubles itself:

<p>both mitosis and meiosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chromosomal/genetic duplication occurs:

<p>both mitosis and meiosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Each daughter cell contains the same kind and number of chromosomes as the parent cell:

<p>occurs in mitosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The resulting cells could be sperm cells or egg cells:

<p>occurs in meiosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chromosome number triple:

<p>neither mitosis or meiosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Occurs in two stages:

<p>occurs in meiosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The genetic material/chromosomes of the daughter cells are different than that of the parent cell:

<p>occurs in meiosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Messenger RNA sequences are determined by grouping of three nucleotides called a:

<p>codon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The anticodon is found on:

<p>tRNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The synthesis of a new double strand of DNA begins when the two strands of the original DNA double helix:

<p>&quot;unzip&quot; with aid of an enzyme (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Haploid cells are formed in mitosis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Each chromosome doubles itself during meiosis.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Each daughter cell contains the same kind and number of chromosomes as the parent cell during mitosis.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The resulting cells from meiosis could be sperm cells or egg cells.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chromosome number triples during meiosis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Meiosis occurs in two stages.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The genetic material/chromosomes of the daughter cells are different than that of the parent cell after meiosis II.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Sexual Reproduction

The process where offspring receive genetic material from two parents, increasing genetic diversity.

Haploid Cells

Cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Chromosome Number Stability

Mitosis and Meiosis both ensure chromosome number stays consistent across generations.

Chromosome Duplication

Duplication of chromosomes occurs in both mitosis and meiosis preceeding cell divison.

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Genetic Duplication

Mitosis and meiosis involves making duplicate copies of genetic material before cell division occurs.

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Mitosis Outcome

Daughter cells are identical to the parent cells.

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Meiosis Products

Sperm and egg cells created during meiosis.

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Meiosis Stages

Meiosis occurs sequentially in two stages

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Meiosis Genetic Variation

The genetic material differs from the parent cell due to events like crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis I.

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Codon

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

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Anticodon

Found on tRNA, it base pairs with the mRNA codon during translation.

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DNA 'Unzipping'

DNA strands separate to allow for replication.

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Template DNA

Original strands of DNA act as the pattern for the new ones.

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Nitrogenous Base Attraction

DNA nitrogenous bases (A, T, C, G) are attracted to the template DNA during replication.

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Haploid

Cells with a single set of chromosomes (n).

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Maintaining Chromosome Number

Prevents the increase in the number of chromosomes from generation to generation during sexual reproduction.

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Chromosome Doubling

Process where each chromosome makes a copy of itself.

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Genetic Variation in Meiosis

Daughter cells have different genetic material than the parent cell due to genetic recombination during meiosis.

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Study Notes

  • Sexual reproduction increases genetic diversity within a population.
  • Questions 43-52 compare mitosis and meiosis
  • Haploid cells form in meiosis
  • An increased number of chromosomes from generation to generation is prevented.
  • Each chromosome doubles itself
  • Chromosomal/genetic duplication occurs
  • Each daughter cell contains the same kind and number of chromosomes as the parent cell
  • The resulting cells could be sperm cells or egg cells
  • Chromosome number triples
  • Occurs in two stages
  • The genetic material/chromosomes of the daughter cells are different than that of the parent cell
  • Messenger RNA sequences are determined by the grouping of three nucleotides called a codon
  • The anticodon is found on tRNA
  • The synthesis of a new double strand of DNA begins when the two strands of the original DNA double helix "unzip" with the aid of an enzyme.

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Description

Questions compare mitosis and meiosis, focusing on genetic diversity, chromosome duplication, and cell formation. It covers haploid cells in meiosis, prevention of chromosome increase, and differences in daughter cells' genetic material. Also addresses mRNA sequences and DNA replication.

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