12 Questions
What is the primary function of mitosis?
Cellular reproduction and general growth and repair of the body
What is the end result of meiosis?
Four haploid cells
In which type of organisms does meiosis occur?
Sexually reproducing organisms
What is the number of cell divisions in meiosis?
Two
What is the purpose of meiosis?
To produce sex cells
What happens to the chromosome number during meiosis?
It is reduced by half
What is the main difference in the number of chromosomes between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis has double the number of chromosomes as meiosis.
In which type of cells does mitosis occur?
Only in somatic cells.
What is the result of the reduction in chromosome number during meiosis?
Genetically diverse cells.
How many daughter cells are produced in meiosis?
Four haploid cells.
What is the main distinction between the stages of mitosis and meiosis?
The presence of prophase I and prophase II.
What is the primary function of mitosis in multicellular organisms?
To produce somatic cells for growth and tissue repair.
Study Notes
Shared Characteristics of Mitosis and Meiosis
- Both produce new cells
- Both require a parent cell
- Both follow the same steps for cell division: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
- Both involve the duplication of chromosomes
- Both involve the breakdown of the nuclear membrane
Mitosis
- A process of asexual reproduction that produces a replica with an equal number of chromosomes in each resulting diploid cell
- Creates normal body cells (everything other than sex cells)
- Occurs in both sexually and asexually reproducing organisms
- Function: cellular reproduction and general growth and repair of the body
- Genetically: identical
- Produces 2 diploid cells
- Chromosome number: remains the same
- Number of divisions: 1 cell division
- Stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Meiosis
- A type of cellular reproduction that reduces the number of chromosomes by half, producing two haploid cells
- Creates sex cells only: female egg cells or male sperm cells
- Occurs in sexually reproducing organisms only
- Function: genetic diversity through sexual reproduction
- Genetically: different
- Produces 4 haploid cells
- Chromosome number: reduced by half
- Number of divisions: 2 cell divisions (meiosis 1 and meiosis 2)
- Stages: prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I; prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, and telophase II
Mitosis vs Meiosis
Definition and Purpose
- Mitosis: a process of asexual reproduction, resulting in two diploid cells with an equal number of chromosomes.
- Meiosis: a type of cellular reproduction, reducing the number of chromosomes by half, producing two haploid cells.
Cell Types and Occurrence
- Mitosis: creates normal body cells (except sex cells), occurs in both sexually and asexually reproducing organisms.
- Meiosis: creates sex cells only (female egg cells or male sperm cells), occurs in sexually reproducing organisms only.
Function and Genetic Diversity
- Mitosis: cellular reproduction, general growth, and repair of the body, producing identical cells.
- Meiosis: genetic diversity through sexual reproduction, producing different cells.
Cell Division and Chromosome Number
- Mitosis: 2 diploid cells produced, chromosome number remains the same, one cell division.
- Meiosis: 4 haploid cells produced, chromosome number reduced by half, two cell divisions (Meiosis 1 and Meiosis 2).
Stages of Cell Division
- Mitosis: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.
- Meiosis:
- Meiosis 1: Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I.
- Meiosis 2: Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II.
Compare and contrast the processes of mitosis and meiosis, including their definitions, characteristics, and stages of cell division. Learn about the differences and similarities between these two types of cellular reproduction.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
