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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of mitosis?
What is the primary function of mitosis?
What is the end result of meiosis?
What is the end result of meiosis?
In which type of organisms does meiosis occur?
In which type of organisms does meiosis occur?
What is the number of cell divisions in meiosis?
What is the number of cell divisions in meiosis?
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What is the purpose of meiosis?
What is the purpose of meiosis?
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What happens to the chromosome number during meiosis?
What happens to the chromosome number during meiosis?
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What is the main difference in the number of chromosomes between mitosis and meiosis?
What is the main difference in the number of chromosomes between mitosis and meiosis?
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In which type of cells does mitosis occur?
In which type of cells does mitosis occur?
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What is the result of the reduction in chromosome number during meiosis?
What is the result of the reduction in chromosome number during meiosis?
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How many daughter cells are produced in meiosis?
How many daughter cells are produced in meiosis?
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What is the main distinction between the stages of mitosis and meiosis?
What is the main distinction between the stages of mitosis and meiosis?
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What is the primary function of mitosis in multicellular organisms?
What is the primary function of mitosis in multicellular organisms?
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Study Notes
Shared Characteristics of Mitosis and Meiosis
- Both produce new cells
- Both require a parent cell
- Both follow the same steps for cell division: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
- Both involve the duplication of chromosomes
- Both involve the breakdown of the nuclear membrane
Mitosis
- A process of asexual reproduction that produces a replica with an equal number of chromosomes in each resulting diploid cell
- Creates normal body cells (everything other than sex cells)
- Occurs in both sexually and asexually reproducing organisms
- Function: cellular reproduction and general growth and repair of the body
- Genetically: identical
- Produces 2 diploid cells
- Chromosome number: remains the same
- Number of divisions: 1 cell division
- Stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Meiosis
- A type of cellular reproduction that reduces the number of chromosomes by half, producing two haploid cells
- Creates sex cells only: female egg cells or male sperm cells
- Occurs in sexually reproducing organisms only
- Function: genetic diversity through sexual reproduction
- Genetically: different
- Produces 4 haploid cells
- Chromosome number: reduced by half
- Number of divisions: 2 cell divisions (meiosis 1 and meiosis 2)
- Stages: prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I; prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, and telophase II
Mitosis vs Meiosis
Definition and Purpose
- Mitosis: a process of asexual reproduction, resulting in two diploid cells with an equal number of chromosomes.
- Meiosis: a type of cellular reproduction, reducing the number of chromosomes by half, producing two haploid cells.
Cell Types and Occurrence
- Mitosis: creates normal body cells (except sex cells), occurs in both sexually and asexually reproducing organisms.
- Meiosis: creates sex cells only (female egg cells or male sperm cells), occurs in sexually reproducing organisms only.
Function and Genetic Diversity
- Mitosis: cellular reproduction, general growth, and repair of the body, producing identical cells.
- Meiosis: genetic diversity through sexual reproduction, producing different cells.
Cell Division and Chromosome Number
- Mitosis: 2 diploid cells produced, chromosome number remains the same, one cell division.
- Meiosis: 4 haploid cells produced, chromosome number reduced by half, two cell divisions (Meiosis 1 and Meiosis 2).
Stages of Cell Division
- Mitosis: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.
- Meiosis:
- Meiosis 1: Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I.
- Meiosis 2: Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II.
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Description
Compare and contrast the processes of mitosis and meiosis, including their definitions, characteristics, and stages of cell division. Learn about the differences and similarities between these two types of cellular reproduction.
