Mitosis Quiz Exercise
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Questions and Answers

During late prophase of mitosis, what occurs?

  • Chromosomes align at the cell's equator
  • Centrosomes move to opposite poles of the cell
  • The nuclear envelope disintegrates (correct)
  • The spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of sister chromatids

What is the main function of spindle fibers during mitosis?

  • Separating sister chromatids (correct)
  • Secreting growth factors
  • Producing ATP for cellular energy
  • Forming the cleavage furrow

In metaphase of mitosis, where do the chromosomes line up?

  • At the cell's equator (correct)
  • Close to the nuclear membrane
  • Around the centrosomes
  • Attached to the spindle fibers

What characterizes anaphase of mitosis?

<p>Sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event marks the end of metaphase and the beginning of anaphase in mitosis?

<p>Separation of sister chromatids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cyclin-dependent protein kinases (Cdks) during late prophase of mitosis?

<p>Inducing nuclear envelope breakdown (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for organizing and anchoring the spindle fibers in a dividing cell?

<p>Centrioles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Cytokinesis' refers to which phase of the cell cycle?

<p>'M' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Interphase' is divided into which main stages before entering mitosis?

<p>'G1,' 'S,' 'G2' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Mitosis' occurs during which specific phase of the cell cycle?

<p>'M' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Eukaryotic Cell Division

  • Used for growth and repair
  • Produces two new cells identical to the original cell
  • Cells are diploid (2n)

Mitosis

  • Division of the nucleus
  • Also called karyokinesis
  • Only occurs in eukaryotes
  • Has four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
  • Doesn't occur in some cells such as brain cells

Prophase

  • Chromatin in nucleus condenses to form visible chromosomes
  • Mitotic spindle forms from fibers in cytoskeleton or centrioles (animal)
  • Nuclear membrane and nucleolus break down
  • Chromosomes continue condensing and are clearly visible
  • Spindle fibers called kinetochores attach to the centromere of each chromosome

Metaphase

  • Chromosomes, attached to the kinetochore fibers, move to the center of the cell
  • Chromosomes are now lined up at the equator

Anaphase

  • Occurs rapidly
  • Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell by kinetochore fibers

Telophase

  • Sister chromatids at opposite poles
  • Spindle disassembles
  • Nuclear envelope forms around each set of sister chromatids
  • Nucleolus reappears
  • CYTOKINESIS occurs
  • Chromosomes reappear as chromatin

Cytokinesis

  • Means division of the cytoplasm
  • Division of cell into two, identical halves called daughter cells
  • In plant cells, cell plate forms at the equator to divide cell
  • In animal cells, cleavage furrow forms to split cell

Daughter Cells

  • Have the same number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent cell
  • Identical to each other, but smaller than parent cell
  • Must grow in size to become mature cells (G1 of Interphase)

Uncontrolled Mitosis

  • If mitosis is not controlled, unlimited cell division occurs causing cancerous tumors
  • Oncogenes are special proteins that increase the chance that a normal cell develops into a tumor cell

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Description

Test your knowledge on the stages of mitosis with this quiz. Identify and name the different phases such as prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Understand the process of eukaryotic cell division and cytokinesis.

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