Questions and Answers
What is interphase?
The cell grows and replicates its DNA and centrioles.
What is prophase?
The chromatin condenses into chromosomes. The centrioles separate and a spindle begins to form. The nuclear envelope breaks down.
What is metaphase?
The chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. Each chromosome is connected to a spindle fiber at its centromere.
What is anaphase?
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What is telophase?
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What does interphase look like?
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What does prophase look like?
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What does metaphase look like?
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What does anaphase look like?
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What does telophase look like?
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Which stage does chromatin condense into chromosomes?
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Which stage do chromosomes align in the center of the cell?
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Which stage is the longest part of the cell cycle?
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Which stage does the nuclear envelope break down?
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Which stage is the cell cleaved into two new daughter cells?
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In which stage do daughter chromosomes arrive at the poles?
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In which stage are chromatids pulled apart?
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Study Notes
Cell Cycle and Mitosis Overview
- Interphase: Stage where the cell grows, replicates DNA and centrioles; longest phase of the cell cycle.
- Prophase: Chromatin condenses into distinct chromosomes; centrioles separate and form spindles; breakdown of nuclear envelope occurs.
- Metaphase: Chromosomes align at the cell's equator; each chromosome is connected to spindle fibers at its centromere.
- Anaphase: Sister chromatids are separated into individual chromosomes and moved toward opposite poles of the cell.
- Telophase: Chromosomes reach opposite ends; they decondense and two nuclear envelopes reform around each set of chromosomes.
Mitosis Stages Visual Characteristics
- Interphase Appearance: Cell contains chromatin; no visible chromosomes; active cell function and preparation for division.
- Prophase Appearance: Chromosomes are visible as distinct entities; spindles forming; nuclear envelope is disintegrating.
- Metaphase Appearance: Chromosomes lined up neatly at the cell's center, held by spindle fibers; clear organization for separation.
- Anaphase Appearance: Individual chromosomes moving apart; clear separation of sister chromatids toward opposite ends.
- Telophase Appearance: Chromosomes at poles; nuclear envelope begins reforming around each group, leading to the final stages of cell division.
Key Mitosis Questions
- Chromatin to Chromosomes: Occurs during prophase; vital for the orderly separation of genetic material.
- Chromosomes Align: Happens in metaphase; ensures proper distribution of genetic material.
- Longest Cell Cycle Phase: Interphase; encompasses growth and preparation for mitosis.
- Nuclear Envelope Breakdown: Takes place in prophase, facilitating access to the chromosomes for spindle attachment.
- Cytokinesis Description: The process in which the cell divides into two daughter cells, following mitosis.
- Daughter Chromosomes Arrangement: In telophase, chromosomes arrive at cell poles, ready for the formation of two nuclei.
- Sister Chromatids Separation: This occurs during anaphase, crucial for ensuring each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes.
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Test your knowledge on the stages of mitosis with these flashcards. Each card provides a key term along with its definition, helping you understand the cell division process. Perfect for biology students looking to reinforce their learning.
