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Questions and Answers
What is the primary result of mitosis?
What is the primary result of mitosis?
What is the primary function of the spindle apparatus in mitosis?
What is the primary function of the spindle apparatus in mitosis?
In which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up at the center of the cell?
In which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up at the center of the cell?
What is the term for the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells resulting from mitosis?
What is the term for the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells resulting from mitosis?
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What type of cells undergo mitosis?
What type of cells undergo mitosis?
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What is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?
What is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?
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Study Notes
Definition
Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
Phases of Mitosis
- Interphase: The cell grows, replicates its DNA, and prepares for cell division.
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Prophase:
- Chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes.
- Nuclear envelope breaks down.
- Centrioles (small structures near the nucleus) move apart, forming a spindle apparatus.
- Microtubules extend from the centrioles, forming a spindle fiber.
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Metaphase:
- Chromosomes line up at the center of the cell, attached to the spindle fibers.
- Chromosomes are aligned in a specific order, with each pair of sister chromatids facing opposite poles.
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Anaphase:
- Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.
- Chromosomes are pulled apart by the spindle fibers.
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Telophase:
- Chromosomes reach the poles and begin to decondense.
- Nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes.
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Cytokinesis:
- Cytoplasm divides and the cell splits into two daughter cells.
Key Features
- Diploid: Mitosis results in two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, with the same number of chromosomes.
- Somatic cells: Mitosis occurs in somatic cells, which make up the majority of cells in the body.
- No crossing over: Mitosis does not involve the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, unlike meiosis.
Importance of Mitosis
- Growth and development: Mitosis allows for the growth and development of multicellular organisms.
- Cell replacement: Mitosis replaces damaged or dead cells in the body.
- Tissue repair: Mitosis helps to repair damaged tissues.
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Description
Learn about the process of mitosis, its phases, key features, and importance in growth and development, cell replacement, and tissue repair. Understand how mitosis results in genetically identical daughter cells.
