Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of mitosis in a cell?
What happens to the chromosomes during the first phase of mitosis?
What is the role of the centromere in mitosis?
What is the end result of cytokinesis?
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What is the term for the process of a cell growing and replicating its DNA?
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What is the term for the diffuse, unfolded state of chromosomes?
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What is the result of DNA replication during interphase?
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What is the primary difference between a chromosome and a sister chromatid?
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During prophase, what is the primary function of the centrosomes?
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What is the stage of mitosis where the nuclear envelope disappears?
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What connects sister chromatids?
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What is the main function of centrioles?
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During prophase, what happens to the DNA?
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What is the role of microtubules in mitosis?
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What is the term for the entire process of cell division?
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During which stage of mitosis do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
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What is NOT a function of centrosomes?
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What is the primary role of centrosomes in mitosis?
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What is the stage of mitosis where the chromosomes are lined up at the center of the cell?
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What is the term for the stage where the microtubules start pulling the sister chromatids apart?
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What is the point where the microtubules connect to the chromosomes called?
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What is the term for the process of the cellular membrane pinching in to form two cells?
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What happens to the nuclear membrane during telophase?
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What is the stage of mitosis where the chromosomes start to unwind and return to their chromatin form?
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What is the term for the chromosomes once they have separated and are no longer sister chromatids?
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What is the stage of mitosis where the nuclear envelope disappears and the chromosomes condense?
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What is the term for the process of cell division?
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What is the stage of mitosis that comes after anaphase?
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Study Notes
Mitosis: Cell Division
- Mitosis is the process by which one nucleus turns into two nuclei, each with the original genetic information.
- Mitosis is followed by cytokinesis, which splits each nucleus into a separate cell.
Prophase
- During prophase, the DNA condenses into visible chromosomes.
- The nuclear membrane starts to disappear.
- The centrosomes migrate to opposite sides of the cell.
- Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids connected at the centromere.
Metaphase
- The nuclear membrane is gone, and the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
- The centrosomes are at opposite ends of the cell.
- Microtubules extend from the centrosomes to the centromeres of the chromosomes.
- The microtubules help pull and push things in the right way.
Anaphase
- The microtubules start pulling on each of the sister chromatids.
- Each centrosome pulls one of the sister chromatids towards it.
- This process results in four chromosomes, each an independent chromosome.
Telophase
- The cellular membrane starts to pinch in preparation for cytokinesis.
- The DNA begins to unwind, and the nuclear membranes start to form around the DNA.
- The centrosomes re-form, and the DNA returns to its chromatin form.
Cytokinesis
- Cytokinesis is the process by which the cell splits into two separate cells.
- It begins near the end of mitosis and finishes after telophase.
- The cellular membrane pinches together, fully dividing the larger cell into two separate cells.
Cell Cycle
- After cytokinesis, each new cell goes through interphase (G1, S-phase, G2 phase).
- The cell then goes through mitosis again, and the process repeats.
- This process results in exponential cell growth.
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Description
Learn about the process of mitosis, where one nucleus turns into two with the same genetic information, and cytokinesis, which splits each nucleus into two cells.