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Mitosis and Cell Theory Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

To produce haploid gametes

To produce genetically diverse daughter cells

To develop from a single fertilised egg and repair/renew cells (correct)

To form new species

How many chromosome pairs are there in human somatic cells?

92 pairs

44 pairs

23 pairs (correct)

46 pairs

What is the characteristic number of chromosomes in elephant somatic cells?

56 (correct)

What are the chromosomes that do not determine sex called?

Autosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process by which human gametes are produced?

Meiosis Signup and view all the answers

How many types of chromosomes are there in human cells according to the text?

Two: autosomes and allosomes Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of chromosomes help determine sex in humans?

1 pair Signup and view all the answers

What is the total length of DNA in the human body?

2 x 10^14 metres Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of DNA packaging in the nucleus?

Nucleosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between euchromatin and heterochromatin?

Euchromatin is less condensed and transcriptionally active, while heterochromatin is more condensed and transcriptionally inactive. Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the cell cycle involves the duplication of chromosomes?

S phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the G2 phase in the cell cycle?

To prepare the cell for cell division Signup and view all the answers