Mitochondria Proteins and Functions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the site where replication takes place in Human Mitochondrial DNA?

  • Respiratory complexes
  • Ribosomal RNAs
  • D Loop (correct)
  • Transfer RNAs

Which organelle contains its own genetic information?

  • Mitochondria (correct)
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Nucleus
  • Ribosomes

What is the main idea behind the endosymbiosis theory regarding mitochondria?

  • Mitochondria evolved directly from the nucleus
  • Mitochondria originated from absorbed bacteria (correct)
  • Mitochondria have no genetic information
  • Mitochondria are entirely man-made structures

Which type of diseases are linked to mutations in mitochondrial DNA?

<p>Neurodegenerative diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do mitochondrial proteins require a signaling sequence?

<p>To bring them into the mitochondria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell process can lead to Alzheimer's or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome if excessive?

<p>Apoptosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the signal sequence found at the N terminals of proteins during transport?

<p>Facilitates secretion of proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is crucial in controlling the rate of oxidative phosphorylation?

<p>Mitochondria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of chaperones in the lumen of rough ER?

<p>Recognize misfolded proteins and correct them (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the return of internalized receptors from endosomes to the plasma membrane?

<p>Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) release (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the intermembrane space in mitochondria?

<p>Contains potential energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the Citric Acid Cycle (TCA cycle) occur?

<p>In the mitochondrial matrix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of oxidative phosphorylation?

<p>To generate ATP using the electron transport chain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many ATP molecules are produced directly in glycolysis from one molecule of glucose?

<p>2 ATP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for programmed cell death (apoptosis)?

<p>Mitochondria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain during oxidative phosphorylation?

<p>Coenzyme Q (Ubiquinone) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net ATP yield from one molecule of glucose after both glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle (TCA cycle)?

<p>36 ATP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of mitochondria in a cell?

<p>Respiration and ATP synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is mitochondrial DNA associated within the mitochondria?

<p>Inner membrane on the matrix side (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy production in mitochondria?

<p>Oxidative phosphorylation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of mitochondrial protein import?

<p>Protein translocation and folding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the mitochondria is responsible for the generation of ATP?

<p>Matrix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mitochondria in apoptosis?

<p>Programmed cell death (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can excessive apoptosis lead to?

<p>Alzheimer's (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for protein transport through the signal sequence at the N terminals?

<p>Endoplasmic Reticulum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of KDEL in protein retention?

<p>Retention in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the mitochondria contains chaperones to help correct misfolded proteins?

<p>Matrix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process involves the return of internalized receptors from endosomes to the plasma membrane?

<p>Exocytosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of lysosomes in a cell?

<p>Digestion of cellular waste (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do most proteins in mitochondria come from?

<p>Cell cytoplasm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the degradation of most proteins in the mitochondria?

<p>Lysosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the inner membrane space in mitochondria?

<p>Aids in protein translocation and folding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mitochondrial protein translocation?

<p>Protein import into mitochondria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is primarily responsible for the fusion and fission processes in cells?

<p>Mitochondria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

<p>Citric Acid Cycle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are proteins in the mitochondria imported from the nucleus?

<p>To maintain mitochondrial function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

<p>Protein folding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of chaperones in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

<p>Facilitate protein folding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for programmed cell death?

<p>Mitochondria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell'?

<p>Mitochondria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cellular process can lead to programmed cell death without releasing harmful substances into the surrounding environment?

<p>Apoptosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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