Miranda Warning - Law Of Interrogation
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Questions and Answers

What is a determining factor for establishing whether an accused person is in custody for Miranda purposes?

  • Whether the atmosphere of questioning was dominated by police (correct)
  • The nature of the criminal charge
  • The location of the interview
  • The presence of family members during questioning

    • When does the Right to Counsel apply?

  • Only during formal charges being made
  • Once a formal charge has been made, regardless of custody status (correct)
  • Only when the accused is in custody
  • Once the accused has confessed to crimes

    • Under what condition can an officer interview an accused person who has invoked their right to counsel?

  • The accused has already been charged with another crime
  • The attorney is present during questioning
  • The officer has a warrant for the interview
  • The accused seeks out the officer without the attorney’s knowledge (correct)

    • What must happen if an accused person is in custody and wishes to invoke their right to counsel?

    <p>Miranda warnings must be provided and interrogation must cease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What restriction is placed on officers once the 6th Amendment right to counsel has been invoked?

    <p>They may not use informants or undercover officers to obtain statements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the requirement for law enforcement officers before questioning a suspect in custody?

    <p>Officers must provide Miranda warnings prior to any questioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the five warnings included in the Miranda Rights?

    <p>You can leave at any time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When must Miranda warnings be administered to a suspect?

    <p>Prior to questioning that could elicit an incriminating response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must occur before officers can initiate questioning of a suspect after providing Miranda Rights?

    <p>The suspect must voluntarily waive their rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should Miranda warnings be communicated to the accused?

    <p>Clearly and deliberately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Miranda Rights as established by the Supreme Court?

    <p>To prevent self-incrimination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances are Miranda warnings not required?

    <p>When building rapport with the suspect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should law enforcement officers do if a suspect cannot afford an attorney?

    <p>Advise that an attorney will be appointed without cost.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must officers do when giving Miranda Rights to Limited English Proficiency individuals?

    <p>Follow the OPD 'Limited English Proficiency' policy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for an accused person to effectively invoke their right to remain silent?

    <p>The invocation must be articulated with sufficient clarity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstance can an officer question an accused person after an initial refusal?

    <p>A complete second advisory must be made by the officer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option describes a scenario where Miranda Warnings are not required?

    <p>A suspect makes a statement voluntarily before interrogation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In giving Miranda warnings to juveniles, what must officers adhere to?

    <p>The procedures in the OPD 'Juveniles – Identification of Juveniles, Rights Advisory, and Interrogation' policy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should officers do if a suspect's response to understanding the Miranda warnings is a head nod?

    <p>Consider it as an affirmative response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must officers document after giving Miranda warnings?

    <p>The exact procedure, including date, start time, and end time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about questioning in a crime scene is accurate?

    <p>General questioning is not affected by the ruling of Miranda v. Arizona.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required when using an electronic translation method during interrogations?

    <p>The written questions and responses will be booked as evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Orozco v. Texas regarding custodial interrogation?

    <p>It determined that time and number of officers indicate custodial interrogation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can Miranda Rights be given in Spanish to an accused individual?

    <p>If the officer believes the accused cannot understand English.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must officers do if a suspect remains silent during questioning?

    <p>Cease questioning immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor in determining custodial circumstances based on Griffin v. U.S.?

    <p>The freedom of movement possessed by the accused during questioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Omaha Police Department (OPD) Miranda Rights Policy

    • OPD policy requires advising all suspects (felony or misdemeanor) of their Miranda Rights before custodial interrogation.
    • Juveniles are addressed separately in a specific policy.

    Miranda v. Arizona (5th Amendment)

    • Law enforcement must advise individuals of their rights when taken into custody or deprived of freedom.
    • Miranda warnings are a prerequisite to custodial interrogation:
      • Right to remain silent.
      • Statements can be used against them in court.
      • Right to an attorney before answering questions.
      • Right to have an attorney present during interrogation.
      • If they can't afford an attorney, one will be appointed.
    • Warnings must be clear and unequivocal for statements to be admissible.
    • Interrogation can only begin if the suspect knowingly waives their rights.
    • Miranda only applies during custodial interrogation by law enforcement.

    Administering Miranda Rights

    • Warnings must be given prior to questioning (except for biographical info or building rapport).

    • Suspects must be Mirandized once per interview.

    • Warnings must be:

      • Clear and deliberate.
      • Given in a way allowing the suspect to claim their rights freely.
      • Given in a way the suspect can understand.

    • OPD Form 17 (Miranda Rights Advisory Form) is preferred.

    • Special considerations for:

      • Limited English Proficiency (LEP): Accused's comprehension is assessed, Spanish form available. Officers must be able to read and speak Spanish proficiently
      • Deaf and Hard of Hearing: OPD policies apply.
      • Juveniles: OPD's specific juvenile policy governs.

    • Documenting the interview using video/audio recordings is mandatory.

    • Use of electronic translation tools (e.g., Google Translate) requires evidence to be formally documented.

    Suspect's Response

    • Suspects must articulate their desire to stop questioning clearly.
    • Suspects must acknowledge understanding of Miranda Rights.
    • Questioning must stop if suspect refuses to talk.
    • Nodding "yes" is acceptable if clearly understood.
    • Officers can attempt a second questioning with a complete re-advising - but with caution. There are specific requirements about re-questioning.

    Exemptions from Miranda Warnings

    • Voluntary statements before interrogation are admissible.
    • Field interviews in non-custodial situations may not require warnings.
    • On-the-scene questioning during crime investigations doesn't require Miranda. Custody begins when questioning shifts to specific facts that demand an answer related to the crime from an individual.

    Court References (Examples)

    • Orozco v. Texas: Questioning at 4 am, in a bedroom, with multiple officers – defined as custodial interrogation.
    • Griffin v. US: Factors in determining custody include:
    • Advice that questioning is voluntary;
    • Ability to leave freely;
    • No arrest;
    • Tactics used;
    • Atmosphere of the questioning. The 8th circuit analyses all circumstances around an interview to determine custody.

    Right to Counsel (6th Amendment)

    • Applies after formal charges:
    • If counsel is invoked, interrogation stops (except in specific limited circumstances). No interview possible without a lawyer present
    • Even if a charge is not made an attorney must be acquired.
    • Officers cannot use informers or witnesses to gather statements once the 6th Amendment right is invoked.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the Omaha Police Department's policy on Miranda Rights and examines the requirements under the Miranda v. Arizona case. You'll learn about the rights of suspects and the necessary warnings law enforcement must provide before custodial interrogation. Test your knowledge of this crucial aspect of criminal law.

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