10-Minimally Invasive
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of the insufflator machine in a surgical context?

  • To pump air or carbon dioxide into the surgical area (correct)
  • To close wounds after the procedure
  • To administer anesthesia to the patient
  • To monitor the patient's vital signs during surgery

Which of the following accurately describes the content's tone and presentation?

  • Formal and structured, suited for academic contexts
  • Technical and overly detailed, focusing on surgical techniques
  • Straightforward and serious, emphasizing critical information
  • Light-hearted and informal, primarily using humor (correct)

What can be inferred about the layout of the content?

  • It presents a chronological order of surgical techniques
  • It relies heavily on images and tables for conveying information (correct)
  • It focuses mainly on theoretical concepts without practical applications
  • It is densely packed with text and explanations on surgical procedures

What aspect of the content might challenge a student's comprehension?

<p>The presence of technical jargon without explanations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the author likely feel about the complexity of the material?

<p>Confident in students' capability to learn quickly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication associated with prolonged bedridden states following open surgery?

<p>Atelectasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication type is critical for managing patients during minimally invasive surgery (MIS) to maintain hemostasis?

<p>Non-narcotic analgesics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition can arise from excess CO2 absorption during minimally invasive surgery?

<p>Respiratory acidosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of MIS compared to traditional open surgery regarding incisions?

<p>Incisions are typically much smaller (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When performing a laparoscopic procedure, what is important regarding the bowel?

<p>Bowels should be avoided to reduce inflammation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of minimally invasive surgery?

<p>It relies on high-tech imaging systems. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which outcome is typically associated with laparoscopic surgery?

<p>Accelerated recovery times. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical specialties can incorporate minimally invasive techniques?

<p>Everything from gynecology to neurosurgery. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential complication can arise from extraperitoneal CO2 use during surgery?

<p>Subcutaneous emphysema. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the approach of minimally invasive surgeries?

<p>Minimizing the trauma of surgical exposure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of traditional surgery compared to minimally invasive surgery?

<p>Greater trauma and longer recovery. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of surgery is suggested to require smaller incisions?

<p>Minimally invasive surgery. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about post-operative care after laparoscopic surgery is correct?

<p>Recovery often allows for quicker ambulation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of minimally invasive surgery related to patient recovery?

<p>Patients can ambulate earlier without significant discomfort. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement incorrectly describes an advantage of minimally invasive surgery?

<p>Requires more follow-up surgeries. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the risk of complications in minimally invasive surgery compare to open surgery?

<p>Minimally invasive surgery has higher risk of complications. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the quicker recovery observed in patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery?

<p>Less overall blood loss. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may a patient experience differently with minimally invasive surgery compared to traditional open surgery?

<p>Earlier ability to engage in regular activities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During minimally invasive surgery, how does the typical duration of requiring flatus differ from open surgery?

<p>Less than 24 hours for minimally invasive surgery. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT generally associated with minimally invasive surgery benefits?

<p>Requirement for extensive pain management. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary goal of minimally invasive surgery?

<p>Reduced trauma to surrounding tissues. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following procedures is classified as extracavitary minimally invasive surgery?

<p>Transabdominal preperitoneal repair (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary benefit of extracavitary minimally invasive surgery compared to traditional surgical methods?

<p>Creation of a working space in tight anatomical regions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which surgical context is CO2 insufflation primarily utilized?

<p>To create a working space within the abdomen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of extracavitary minimally invasive surgery?

<p>Laparoscopic appendectomy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the working space in procedures like laparoscopic cholecystectomy?

<p>Fixed and limited in size (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a surgeon prefer using a double lumen endotracheal tube during thoracic surgery?

<p>To promote lung collapse for working space (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about endoscopic thyroid surgery is true?

<p>It can be classified under extracavitary minimally invasive surgery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does extracavitary minimally invasive surgery contribute to patient outcomes?

<p>By minimizing physical trauma and physiological impact (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major advantage of thoracoscopic surgery compared to open surgery?

<p>It can be performed with standard equipment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately differentiates laparoscopic surgery from traditional open surgery?

<p>Laparoscopic surgery employs smaller incisions for a minimally invasive approach. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) differ from traditional thoracotomy?

<p>VATS utilizes cameras for visualization within the thoracic cavity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure is characterized by a reduced rate of immune suppression compared to open surgical methods?

<p>Video Assisted Retroperitoneal Debridement (VARD) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following procedures does NOT typically utilize laparoscopic techniques?

<p>Open Heart Surgery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of procedures performed in the thoracic cavity using thoracoscopy?

<p>They operate within a fixed space without the necessity of positive pressure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Among these options, which is considered an advantage of endoscopic surgical techniques?

<p>Less postoperative pain and shorter hospitalization. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of fever within the first 24 hours after a laparoscopic procedure?

<p>Atelectasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main advantages of minimally invasive surgery compared to open surgery?

<p>Reduced scarring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the surgical team during a minimally invasive procedure is TRUE?

<p>The surgeon always stands opposite the organ to be removed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of minimally invasive surgery?

<p>High risk of gross bleeding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible complication following laparoscopic surgery that could necessitate additional intervention?

<p>Deep vein thrombosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does minimally invasive surgery potentially affect the time to return to work?

<p>Early return to work is often possible. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the second assistant play during a laparoscopic procedure?

<p>Retracts tissue during umbilical access. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the role of miniaturized instruments in minimally invasive surgery?

<p>They allow for enhanced precision during surgery. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Insufflator

A machine used in minimally invasive surgery to inflate the abdominal cavity with air or carbon dioxide, creating a working space for the surgeon.

Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS)

Surgical procedures that involve small incisions, less damage to tissue, and faster recovery times.

Minimally Invasive Surgery

A surgical approach that uses small incisions, specialized instruments, and high-tech imaging to minimize tissue damage and promote faster recovery.

Metabolic Response

The reaction of the body's metabolism after surgery.

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Laparoscopic Surgery

A surgical technique that involves using gas to inflate the abdominal cavity, allowing the surgeon to operate through small incisions.

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Immune Suppression

The impact on the body's immune system after surgery.

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Recovery

The process of regaining strength and function after surgery.

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Cytokine

A chemical messenger that plays an important role in various biological processes, including inflammation and immune response.

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Subcutaneous Emphysema

A condition where gas or air leaks into the soft tissues causing swelling.

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Endoscopic Mastectomy

A minimally invasive surgical approach used to remove a breast tumor. It is performed through small incisions in the chest wall, allowing for less pain and a quicker recovery time than traditional open surgery.

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Endoscopic Retroperitoneal Nephrectomy (ERN)

A minimally invasive approach to kidney removal. It involves using a laparoscope to access the kidney through small incisions in the abdomen.

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Video Assisted Retroperitoneal Debridement (VARD)

A minimally invasive surgical procedure used to clean and debride infected tissue in the retroperitoneal space. It involves using a laparoscope and specialized instruments to access the area.

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Thoracoscopy

A minimally invasive approach to thoracic surgery, using a video camera and instruments inserted through small incisions between the ribs. It eliminates the need for positive pressure insufflation.

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Totally Extraperitoneal Inguinal Hernia Repair (TEP-IHR)

A minimally invasive procedure used to repair a hernia in the groin area, also known as TEP-IHR.

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Endoscopic Thyroid Surgery (ETS)

A minimally invasive surgical approach using a camera and instruments to perform surgery on the thyroid gland.

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Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

A minimally invasive surgery used to remove the gallbladder. This procedure is performed through small incisions in the abdomen and involves a camera and instruments to view and remove the gallbladder.

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CO2 Excretion

The process of removing carbon dioxide from the body through the lungs.

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CO2 Retention

A condition where the lungs are not able to effectively remove carbon dioxide from the body, leading to a buildup of CO2 in the blood.

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Insensible Fluid Loss

Fluid loss that occurs through the skin and lungs, typically not significant in MIS procedures.

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Extracavitary Minimally Invasive Surgery (EMIS)

A type of minimally invasive surgery that creates space for the surgeon to operate by inflating the area with CO2.

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Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

A surgical procedure where a surgeon uses specialized instruments to remove the thyroid gland through a small incision in the neck.

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Transabdominal Preperitoneal Repair of Indirect Inguinal Hernia

A surgical procedure where the surgeon repairs an inguinal hernia via an incision in the abdominal wall.

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Laparoscopic Low Anterior Resection

A surgical procedure involving removing a part of the colon through small incisions in the abdomen.

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Early Ambulation

A benefit of MIS where patients can walk around earlier, often within the first few days after surgery.

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Surgery-Associated Complications

These are complications that can occur more often with traditional open surgery compared to MIS.

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Post-Operative Recovery

The process of a patient's body recovering after surgery.

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Improved Diagnosis

A benefit of MIS, allowing surgeons to view and operate on organs in the abdomen with greater precision.

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Less Tissue Disruption

A benefit of MIS where less tissue is disrupted, leading to less pain, scarring, and faster healing.

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Cosmetically Better Outcome

A benefit of MIS where procedures often result in a visually better outcome, especially when performed on visible areas.

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Increased Range of Motion and Faster Return to Activity

A benefit of MIS that allows patients to move more freely and return to normal activities quicker.

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Atelectasis

A condition where the lungs partially collapse, often after surgery, due to shallow breathing or mucus buildup.

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Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

An infection of the urinary tract that can occur after surgery.

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Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

The formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, often in the legs, after surgery.

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Surgical Site Infection (SSI)

An infection that occurs at the site of a surgical incision.

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Study Notes

Minimally Invasive Surgery

  • Minimally invasive surgery uses smaller incisions than traditional open surgery.
  • It aims to reduce trauma, improve recovery, and decrease complications.
  • Minimally invasive techniques often use specialized instruments and imaging systems.
  • Various approaches exist, including laparoscopy, thoracoscopy, and endoscopic procedures.
  • Minimally invasive surgical procedures, including laparoscopic cholecystectomy, are very common.
  • The first human laparoscopy was performed in 1910 for diagnostic purposes (to investigate ascites).
  • The first experimental laparoscopy was performed in 1901 by a German surgeon (George Kelling).
  • The first human laparoscopic cholecystectomy took place in France in 1987 (by Dr. Phillipe Mouret).

Surgical Techniques

  • Laparoscopic surgery is a common minimally invasive technique.
  • It uses small incisions and a camera (laparoscope) to visualize the surgical site.
  • Trocars are used to insert instruments into the abdomen.
  • Pneumoperitoneum (introducing gas into the abdomen) creates working space.
  • Standard equipment and technique are used.
  • Various accesses are considered, such as umbilical, lateral, or extraperitoneal.
  • Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) is a form of laparoscopic surgery that uses a single incision.
  • Techniques such as the Open Hasson (direct peritoneal access) and Veress (direct puncture) techniques are used to access the peritoneal cavity.

Patient Selection

  • Patients undergoing minimally invasive procedures need to meet certain criteria.
  • General anesthesia is usually required.
  • Relative contraindications may include pregnancy, severe COPD, obesity, and prior abdominal surgeries.
  • Patient's fitness for general anesthesia is critical.
  • Additional factors such as obesity, severe COPD, pregnancy, history of prior abdominal surgeries, and patient's physical fitness are important considerations.
  • Patients with certain cardiac conditions may require lower pneumoperitoneum pressures (e.g., 8 mmHg).

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Minimally Invasive Surgery PDF
Minimally Invasive Surgery PDF

Description

Explore the fundamentals of minimally invasive surgery, including techniques and patient selection criteria. Understand the benefits of smaller incisions and the use of specialized instruments. This quiz will help reinforce your knowledge of laparoscopic and other minimally invasive procedures.

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