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Questions and Answers
Transverse laparoscopic extraction and choledocholithotomy (TLE) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to remove gallstones from the common ______.
duct
The procedure involves making small incisions in the abdominal ______ and using specialized instruments.
wall
This approach reduces postoperative pain and allows for faster recovery than traditional open ______ methods.
surgery
During a laparoscopic procedure, one or more trocars are inserted through the skin into the ______.
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In the context of TLE, laparoscopic techniques are utilized to access the common ______ duct and extract any stones present.
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Choledocholithotomy is the surgical removal of a stone from the common ______ duct.
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Forceps-assisted removal involves using laparoscopic graspers to capture the stone and draw it into the extraction port, which is typically a 10-12 mm incision in the upper abdomen. This technique is suitable for smaller stones and can be ________ and efficient.
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Balloon sweeps are used to extract stones that are too large to be removed by forceps-assisted extraction. In this technique, a short, wide-bore catheter with a balloon is inserted through the extraction port, and the balloon is inflated to ________ the stone.
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Mechanical lithotripters, such as the Dormia basket, are used to fragment stones into smaller pieces that can be removed through the extraction port. The basket is advanced through the extraction port and gently moved around the stone, breaking it into smaller ________.
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Holmium laser lithotripsy is a laser-based approach that uses a high-powered laser to fragment stones. The laser fiber is advanced through the extraction port, and the laser energy is applied to the stone until it is fragmented into smaller pieces that can be removed through the extraction ________.
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In conclusion, TLE is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that utilizes laparoscopy to access the common bile duct and extract any stones present. The choice of stone removal technique depends on factors like stone size, shape, location, and the experience of the ________.
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The use of these techniques ensures that patients with gallstones can receive effective treatment with minimal postoperative pain and faster recovery times compared to traditional open ________ methods.
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Study Notes
Transverse Laparoscopic Extraction and Choledocholithotomy
Nails
Transverse laparoscopic extraction and choledocholithotomy (TLE) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to remove gallstones from the common duct. The procedure involves making small incisions in the abdominal wall and using specialized instruments to visualize and manipulate the area around the gallbladder. This approach reduces postoperative pain and allows for faster recovery than traditional open surgery methods. However, there are different techniques that may be employed during this procedure, and they might vary between surgeons and institutions.
Laparoscopy
During a laparoscopic procedure, one or more trocars are inserted through the skin into the abdomen, providing entry points for light, video camera, and instruments. Through these portals, the surgeon operates on internal organs under direct vision, guided by images produced by miniature video cameras. In the context of TLE, laparoscopic techniques are utilized to access the common bile duct and extract any stones present.
Choledocholithotomy
Choledocholithotomy is the surgical removal of a stone from the common bile duct. It becomes necessary when a patient's symptoms are significant despite conservative management with oral medications, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), or shock wave lithotripsy (SWL). In TLE, laparoscopic choledocholithotomy is performed to remove the stones, often using various endoscopic devices like graspers, forceps, or needle holders.
Stone Extraction Techniques
Several techniques can be employed for removing the stone from the common bile duct during TLE. They include forceps-assisted removal, balloon sweep, mechanical lithotripters, and laser-based approaches such as holmium laser lithotripsy. The choice of technique depends on factors like stone size, shape, location, and the experience of the surgeon.
Forceps-Assisted Removal
Forceps-assisted removal involves using laparoscopic graspers to capture the stone and draw it into the extraction port, which is typically a 10-12 mm incision in the upper abdomen. This technique is suitable for smaller stones and can be straightforward and efficient.
Balloon Sweep
Balloon sweeps are used to extract stones that are too large to be removed by forceps-assisted extraction. In this technique, a short, wide-bore catheter with a balloon is inserted through the extraction port, and the balloon is inflated to capture the stone. The catheter is then withdrawn, pulling the stone through the extraction port.
Mechanical Lithotripters
Mechanical lithotripters, such as the Dormia basket, are used to fragment stones into smaller pieces that can be removed through the extraction port. The basket is advanced through the extraction port and gently moved around the stone, breaking it into smaller fragments.
Holmium Laser Lithotripsy
Holmium laser lithotripsy is a laser-based approach that uses a high-powered laser to fragment stones. The laser fiber is advanced through the extraction port, and the laser energy is applied to the stone until it is fragmented into smaller pieces that can be removed through the extraction port.
In conclusion, TLE is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that utilizes laparoscopy to access the common bile duct and extract any stones present. The choice of stone removal technique depends on factors like stone size, shape, location, and the experience of the surgeon. The use of these techniques ensures that patients with gallstones can receive effective treatment with minimal postoperative pain and faster recovery times compared to traditional open surgery methods.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the different stone removal techniques used in transverse laparoscopic extraction and choledocholithotomy (TLE) procedures. Learn about forceps-assisted removal, balloon sweeps, mechanical lithotripters, and holmium laser lithotripsy methods.
