32 Questions
What is the chemical formula for the mineral component of mineralization?
Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2
What substances are involved in mineralization?
Mineral and organic matrix
What is the main reason why precipitation of ions occurs in any solution during the process of mineralization?
Energy is needed in the process of crystal formation
What is the role of Mg in hydroxyapatite crystals during mineralization?
It inhibits crystal growth
Which ion substitution reduces the crystal solubility in hydroxyapatite during mineralization?
F ↔ OH
What is the ground substance in the organic matrix of mineralization?
Proteoglycans and glycoproteins
What are substances which reduce the amount of energy required for precipitation of substances called?
Nucleating substances
Which theory discusses the role of collagen as a nucleating agent for mineralization?
Matrix vesicle theory
What is the process of precipitation of mineral salts in the tissue fluid during mineralization called?
Homogeneous nucleation
What is the function of matrix vesicles in mineral precipitation?
Act as nucleating agents
What is the main role of alkaline phosphatase in mineralization?
Cleavage of pyrophosphate
Which type of nucleation involves the presence of a nucleating agent?
Heterogeneous nucleation
What is the criticism of the booster theory in mineralization?
Alkaline phosphatase is found in other tissues which do not mineralize
What role do non-collagenous proteins play in mineralization?
Act as nucleating agents
What do matrix vesicles contain that can mediate the influx of calcium into them?
Annexin V
What is the process that involves a local increase in the concentration of inorganic ions, leading to sufficient ionic clusters for crystallites to form?
Homogeneous nucleation
What is the primary mineral component involved in mineralization?
Biologic apatite
What are the two substances involved in mineralization?
Mineral and organic matrix
What is the role of Mg in hydroxyapatite crystals during mineralization?
It inhibits crystal growth
What is the ground substance in the organic matrix of mineralization?
Proteoglycans
What hinders the precipitation of mineral salts and growth of crystals in tissue fluid?
Presence of macromolecules
What is the chemical formula for the mineral component involved in mineralization?
$Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2$
What is the process of precipitation of mineral salts in the tissue fluid during mineralization called?
Nucleation
What is the main role of alkaline phosphatase in mineralization?
Hydrolyze organic phosphate and provide inorganic phosphate
Which type of nucleation involves a local increase in the concentration of inorganic ions, leading to sufficient ionic clusters for crystallites to form?
Homogeneous nucleation
What role do non-collagenous proteins play in mineralization?
Act as nucleating agent
What substances reduce the amount of energy required for precipitation of substances?
Nucleating substances
What is the criticism of the booster theory in mineralization?
Alk P + Inorganic Phosphate+ Calcium is not enough for mineralization
What do matrix vesicles contain that can mediate the influx of calcium into them?
Annexin V
What is the ground substance in the organic matrix of mineralization?
Non-collagenous proteins
What is the reason for removal or inhibition of macromolecules that inhibit precipitation of salts during mineral deposition?
'Reduction of energy required for precipitation'
What is the process that involves a local increase in the concentration of inorganic ions, leading to sufficient ionic clusters for crystallites to form?
Homogeneous nucleation
This quiz covers the concept of mineralization, focusing on the deposition of mineral salt on the organic matrix of hard tissues. It delves into the substances involved, such as mineral and organic matrix, as well as the mineral components and variations in crystal formations.
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