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Questions and Answers
What is the main reason mercury is suitable for making thermometers?
What is the main reason mercury is suitable for making thermometers?
Which mineral is known to be included in medicines and lotions?
Which mineral is known to be included in medicines and lotions?
Which mineral is commonly used to treat anemia?
Which mineral is commonly used to treat anemia?
For what purpose is gypsum primarily used?
For what purpose is gypsum primarily used?
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Which of the following minerals is NOT mentioned as a component of jewelry?
Which of the following minerals is NOT mentioned as a component of jewelry?
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What is a key characteristic of quartz that makes it important for computers?
What is a key characteristic of quartz that makes it important for computers?
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Which property makes muscovite mica suitable as an insulator?
Which property makes muscovite mica suitable as an insulator?
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Why are some minerals used as gemstones?
Why are some minerals used as gemstones?
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Which mineral is primarily used in the filaments of light bulbs due to its high melting point?
Which mineral is primarily used in the filaments of light bulbs due to its high melting point?
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What mineral is known as halite and is commonly used as a source of salt?
What mineral is known as halite and is commonly used as a source of salt?
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Which mineral prevents stainless steel from rusting?
Which mineral prevents stainless steel from rusting?
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What mineral composition is essential for the manufacture of electronic circuit boards?
What mineral composition is essential for the manufacture of electronic circuit boards?
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Which of the following materials is primarily formed from clay minerals?
Which of the following materials is primarily formed from clay minerals?
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Which mineral is found in toothpaste for its beneficial properties?
Which mineral is found in toothpaste for its beneficial properties?
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What mineral is commonly used in the production of electrical wiring?
What mineral is commonly used in the production of electrical wiring?
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Which mineral component is essential in the manufacturing of ceramics for its malleability and strength?
Which mineral component is essential in the manufacturing of ceramics for its malleability and strength?
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What is mineral exploration primarily concerned with?
What is mineral exploration primarily concerned with?
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Which of the following is NOT a primary step in mineral processing?
Which of the following is NOT a primary step in mineral processing?
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What does the comminution process involve?
What does the comminution process involve?
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What percentage of mineral ore typically ends up as a refined product?
What percentage of mineral ore typically ends up as a refined product?
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In mineral processing, what is the purpose of concentration?
In mineral processing, what is the purpose of concentration?
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Which method is a form of concentrating minerals using physical properties?
Which method is a form of concentrating minerals using physical properties?
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Which environmental issue can arise from mining activities related to air quality?
Which environmental issue can arise from mining activities related to air quality?
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What is the primary waste product generated from the processing of minerals?
What is the primary waste product generated from the processing of minerals?
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What does dewatering in mineral processing achieve?
What does dewatering in mineral processing achieve?
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Why is sampling important in mineral processing?
Why is sampling important in mineral processing?
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What is a significant impact of mining on local communities?
What is a significant impact of mining on local communities?
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What disadvantage is associated with hand sorting in mineral separation?
What disadvantage is associated with hand sorting in mineral separation?
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Which of the following is a method to reduce the environmental effects of mining?
Which of the following is a method to reduce the environmental effects of mining?
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What main goal is aimed for in the mineral processing industry?
What main goal is aimed for in the mineral processing industry?
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Which resource can be severely affected by mining through habitat destruction?
Which resource can be severely affected by mining through habitat destruction?
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Which approach is NOT recommended for managing mining waste?
Which approach is NOT recommended for managing mining waste?
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What are mineral deposits primarily considered to be?
What are mineral deposits primarily considered to be?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of energy resource?
Which of the following is NOT a type of energy resource?
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Which method is used in mineral exploration to locate valuable ore?
Which method is used in mineral exploration to locate valuable ore?
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What type of mining is used to extract ore minerals near the surface of the Earth?
What type of mining is used to extract ore minerals near the surface of the Earth?
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What are essential minerals primarily needed for?
What are essential minerals primarily needed for?
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Which of the following is a technique specifically associated with surface mining?
Which of the following is a technique specifically associated with surface mining?
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What factors affect mineral availability according to geological aspects?
What factors affect mineral availability according to geological aspects?
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Which of the following is an example of industrial mineral resources?
Which of the following is an example of industrial mineral resources?
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Study Notes
Mineral Resources
- Minerals are essential for human everyday life.
- Minerals are found in homes, personal items, electronics, jewelry, and health products.
- The use of a mineral depends on its physical and chemical properties.
- Early humans used copper, silver, lead, and zinc to create alloys.
- The first mineral-based fire strikers were developed 500,000 years ago, during the Homo erectus era.
Objectives
- Identify minerals important to society.
- Describe the mineral composition of common materials.
- Discuss the uses of minerals.
Minerals and Human Development
- One percent of mined ore becomes a refined product, the rest becomes waste.
- Waste from ore processing is called tailings.
- The first mineral-based fire strikers were developed 500,000 years ago, during the Homo erectus era.
- Early humans used copper, silver, lead, and zinc to create alloys.
Home and Personal Uses of Minerals
- Rock salt is the mineral halite.
- Tungsten is found in light bulbs.
- Clay minerals are used for ceramic pots and other items.
- Fluorite is found in toothpaste.
Mineral Composition of Common Household and Personal Materials
- Tungsten has the highest melting point among metals, making it suitable for light bulb filaments.
- Clay minerals can be shaped when wet and hardened by firing in a kiln, resulting in durable ceramic products.
- Chromium is added to steel to prevent rust.
Minerals in Electronics, Infrastructure, and Manufacturing
- Minerals used in electronics, infrastructure, and manufacturing include gold, quartz, silicon, and copper.
- Gold is a good conductor and easily formed into wires.
- Mica is a poor conductor, but has a high melting point.
Minerals in Health and Medicine
- Barium is an additive in X-rays of the digestive system.
- Iron is used to treat anemia.
- Mercury is used in thermometers
- Kaolinite is used in medicines and lotions
Minerals for Aesthetics
- Some minerals are used as gemstones, valued for their rarity and beauty.
- Diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds, and opals are used in jewelry.
Key Points
- Minerals are essential to human life.
- Minerals are found in everyday items.
- Mineral use depends on their properties.
- Minerals are used in various industries, including electronics, health, and manufacturing.
Mineral Exploration Techniques
- Remote sensing, geophysical methods, and geochemical methods are used.
Mining
- Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals from deposits.
- Surface mining and underground mining are two methods.
Types of Mining
-
Surface Mining: Used for extracting minerals near the Earth's surface.
- Strip mining
- Open-pit mining
- Dredging
- Mountaintop removal
- Highwall mining
-
Underground Mining: Used for extracting minerals deep below the Earth's surface.
- Room and pillar mining
- Shrinkage stopping
Factors Affecting Mineral Availability
- Geologic factors, such as the geological origin of the area.
- Economic factors, such as the costs of engineering and extraction.
- Environmental factors.
Processing of Minerals
- Ore processing is refining the ore, to convert it into usable minerals.
- Primary steps for processing minerals include: sampling and analysis, comminution, concentration, and dewatering.
Steps of Mineral Processing
- Sampling: Removing a portion to represent the whole for analysis
- Analysis: Evaluating valuable components (chemical, mineralogical, and particle size)
- Comminution: Crushing or breaking down rock into smaller pieces.
- Concentration: Separating valuable minerals from raw materials.
- Dewatering: Converting concentrates into usable minerals.
Concentrating Minerals
Methods of concentrating minerals include: - Optical Separation: Using light to separate minerals based on different properties. - Density Separation: Separating minerals based on density. - Flotation Separation: Using air bubbles to separate hydrophobic materials. - Magnetic Separation: Separating minerals based on magnetic properties. - Electrostatic Separation: Separating minerals based on electrostatic charge.
Wastes in Mining
- Mining produces significant waste, the vast majority in the form of tailings.
- Only a small portion of the ore is extracted.
Environmental Cost of Irresponsible Mining
- Mining impacts air, water, land quality, and local ecosystems.
- Mining activities can lead to deforestation, and damage to local communities.
Mining Waste Products and Their Management
- Ways to lessen waste impacts:
- Apply new extraction technologies.
- Plan exploration and rehabilitation.
- Ensure community restoration near mines.
- Properly managing tailings from ore.
- Following mining structure regulations.
Key Points
- Mining significantly impacts the environment (air, water, land).
- Sustainable mining practices aim to generate minimal waste.
- Effective solutions to lessen the environmental impact of mining exist.
Check Your Understanding
- Possible materials for students to identify from the image shown (example): pots, pans, utensils, etc
Challenge Yourself
- Students need to analyze possible reasons for why sorting by hand is considered ineffective.
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Description
Explore the essential role of minerals in everyday life through this quiz focused on their uses in homes, electronics, and industry. Understand the mineral composition of common materials and their historical significance in human development. Test your knowledge on how minerals help shape our society and environment.
