Mineral Resources and Their Uses
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason mercury is suitable for making thermometers?

  • It is dense and heavy.
  • It is a poor conductor of electricity.
  • It is a solid at room temperature.
  • It expands when exposed to high temperatures. (correct)

Which mineral is known to be included in medicines and lotions?

  • Cinnabar
  • Muscovite mica
  • Kaolinite (correct)
  • Gypsum

Which mineral is commonly used to treat anemia?

  • Iron (correct)
  • Barium
  • Quartz
  • Copper

For what purpose is gypsum primarily used?

<p>As a strong and rigid material for plaster casts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following minerals is NOT mentioned as a component of jewelry?

<p>Gold (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of quartz that makes it important for computers?

<p>It is made of silicon. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property makes muscovite mica suitable as an insulator?

<p>It is a poor conductor of electricity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are some minerals used as gemstones?

<p>They are valued for their rarity and beauty. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral is primarily used in the filaments of light bulbs due to its high melting point?

<p>Tungsten (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mineral is known as halite and is commonly used as a source of salt?

<p>Halite (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral prevents stainless steel from rusting?

<p>Chromium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mineral composition is essential for the manufacture of electronic circuit boards?

<p>Gold (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following materials is primarily formed from clay minerals?

<p>Ceramic pots (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral is found in toothpaste for its beneficial properties?

<p>Fluorite (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mineral is commonly used in the production of electrical wiring?

<p>Copper (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral component is essential in the manufacturing of ceramics for its malleability and strength?

<p>Clay (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mineral exploration primarily concerned with?

<p>Searching for valuable ore (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary step in mineral processing?

<p>Electroplating (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the comminution process involve?

<p>Crushing rocks into smaller pieces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of mineral ore typically ends up as a refined product?

<p>1% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In mineral processing, what is the purpose of concentration?

<p>To separate valuable minerals from raw materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is a form of concentrating minerals using physical properties?

<p>Magnetic separation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental issue can arise from mining activities related to air quality?

<p>Production of dust (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary waste product generated from the processing of minerals?

<p>Tailings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does dewatering in mineral processing achieve?

<p>It converts concentrates into usable minerals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is sampling important in mineral processing?

<p>To evaluate components within the ore (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant impact of mining on local communities?

<p>Threatening health and food security (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What disadvantage is associated with hand sorting in mineral separation?

<p>It is labor-intensive and time-consuming (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method to reduce the environmental effects of mining?

<p>Implementing advanced ore extraction technologies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What main goal is aimed for in the mineral processing industry?

<p>Sustainable practices with zero waste generation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which resource can be severely affected by mining through habitat destruction?

<p>Animal habitats (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach is NOT recommended for managing mining waste?

<p>Neglecting tailings management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are mineral deposits primarily considered to be?

<p>Aggregates of minerals present in high concentration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of energy resource?

<p>Structural metals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used in mineral exploration to locate valuable ore?

<p>Remote sensing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mining is used to extract ore minerals near the surface of the Earth?

<p>Surface mining (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are essential minerals primarily needed for?

<p>Living organisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a technique specifically associated with surface mining?

<p>Dredging (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors affect mineral availability according to geological aspects?

<p>Geologic factors such as geological origin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of industrial mineral resources?

<p>Salt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mineral use by early humans

Early humans, like Homo erectus, used copper, silver, lead, and zinc to create alloys, about 500,000 years ago.

Halite

Rock salt, a mineral.

Tungsten in light bulbs

Tungsten is used in light bulb filaments due to its very high melting point.

Clay minerals in ceramics

Clay minerals are used to make durable ceramic products like pots after they are wet, formed, then fired (baked).

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Stainless Steel

An alloy of iron and chromium, preventing rust.

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Gold in Circuit Boards

Gold, a good electrical conductor, is used in electronic circuit boards.

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Quartz and Silicon in Computers

Quartz and silicon are used in computer components.

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Copper in Electrical Wiring

Copper is a good electrical conductor, commonly used in electrical wiring.

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Electrical Capacitor Material

A material that stores electrical energy in an electric field, often used in electronics.

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Mica as Insulator

Muscovite mica is a poor conductor and has high melting point, making it suitable for electrical insulation.

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Silicon in Computers

Silicon is a crucial component, especially in computer chips (silicon chips).

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Quartz in Electronics

Quartz is found in computer screens and has multiple uses in electronic devices due to its properties.

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Barium in X-rays

Barium is added to medicines for use in X-rays of the digestive system.

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Iron for Anemia

Iron is used to treat anemia, a condition where the body lacks sufficient red blood cells.

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Gypsum for Plaster Casts

Gypsum is a mineral that's used to make plaster casts to set bones or for other work.

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Mercury in Thermometers

Mercury is used in thermometers due to its liquid state at room temperature and expansion with heat.

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Mineral Deposits

Aggregates of minerals in high concentration, regardless of economic value.

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Energy Resources

Resources like fossil fuels (coal) and nuclear fuels.

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Metal Resources

Metals like iron, copper, and aluminum used in structures (and other uses).

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Industrial Minerals

Resources like salt, potash, and sand used in industries.

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Essential Minerals

Minerals needed by living organisms.

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Mineral Exploration

Searching for valuable ore deposits.

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Surface Mining

Extracting minerals close to the Earth's surface.

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Underground Mining

Extracting minerals from deep within the Earth's surface.

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Mineral Processing

The process of extracting minerals from ores, refining them, and preparing them for use.

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Mineral Exploration

Searching for valuable ore deposits.

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Sampling and Analysis

Taking samples of minerals to check their valuable components, including chemical, mineralogical, and particle size.

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Comminution

Crushing or breaking down rock into smaller pieces.

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Concentration

Separating valuable minerals from raw materials to create a concentrate.

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Dewatering

Converting concentrates to usable minerals through removing excess water.

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Optical Separation

A method of separating minerals based on their different optical properties.

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Ineffective mineral separation technique

Sorting minerals by hand is not efficient due to the large amount of time and labour required, and the low yield of valuable minerals.

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Mining waste

The unusable parts of mined ore after processing, often called tailings.

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Environmental Impact of Mining

Harmful effects of mining activities on air, water, land, ecosystems and communities.

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Tailings

Wastes from processing minerals, posing environmental risks.

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Sustainable Mining

Mining practices minimizing environmental damage and maximizing resource use efficiency.

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Air Quality Damage

Pollution from mining, like dust released during extraction.

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Water Quality Damage

Pollution of water bodies by mine tailings and other contaminants.

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Land Resource Damage

Destruction of forests and landscapes due to mining activities.

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Sustainable Mineral Processing

Processing minerals to minimize waste and maximize valuable product output.

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Study Notes

Mineral Resources

  • Minerals are essential for human everyday life.
  • Minerals are found in homes, personal items, electronics, jewelry, and health products.
  • The use of a mineral depends on its physical and chemical properties.
  • Early humans used copper, silver, lead, and zinc to create alloys.
  • The first mineral-based fire strikers were developed 500,000 years ago, during the Homo erectus era.

Objectives

  • Identify minerals important to society.
  • Describe the mineral composition of common materials.
  • Discuss the uses of minerals.

Minerals and Human Development

  • One percent of mined ore becomes a refined product, the rest becomes waste.
  • Waste from ore processing is called tailings.
  • The first mineral-based fire strikers were developed 500,000 years ago, during the Homo erectus era.
  • Early humans used copper, silver, lead, and zinc to create alloys.

Home and Personal Uses of Minerals

  • Rock salt is the mineral halite.
  • Tungsten is found in light bulbs.
  • Clay minerals are used for ceramic pots and other items.
  • Fluorite is found in toothpaste.

Mineral Composition of Common Household and Personal Materials

  • Tungsten has the highest melting point among metals, making it suitable for light bulb filaments.
  • Clay minerals can be shaped when wet and hardened by firing in a kiln, resulting in durable ceramic products.
  • Chromium is added to steel to prevent rust.

Minerals in Electronics, Infrastructure, and Manufacturing

  • Minerals used in electronics, infrastructure, and manufacturing include gold, quartz, silicon, and copper.
  • Gold is a good conductor and easily formed into wires.
  • Mica is a poor conductor, but has a high melting point.

Minerals in Health and Medicine

  • Barium is an additive in X-rays of the digestive system.
  • Iron is used to treat anemia.
  • Mercury is used in thermometers
  • Kaolinite is used in medicines and lotions

Minerals for Aesthetics

  • Some minerals are used as gemstones, valued for their rarity and beauty.
  • Diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds, and opals are used in jewelry.

Key Points

  • Minerals are essential to human life.
  • Minerals are found in everyday items.
  • Mineral use depends on their properties.
  • Minerals are used in various industries, including electronics, health, and manufacturing.

Mineral Exploration Techniques

  • Remote sensing, geophysical methods, and geochemical methods are used.

Mining

  • Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals from deposits.
  • Surface mining and underground mining are two methods.

Types of Mining

  • Surface Mining: Used for extracting minerals near the Earth's surface.
    • Strip mining
    • Open-pit mining
    • Dredging
    • Mountaintop removal
    • Highwall mining
  • Underground Mining: Used for extracting minerals deep below the Earth's surface.
    • Room and pillar mining
    • Shrinkage stopping

Factors Affecting Mineral Availability

  • Geologic factors, such as the geological origin of the area.
  • Economic factors, such as the costs of engineering and extraction.
  • Environmental factors.

Processing of Minerals

  • Ore processing is refining the ore, to convert it into usable minerals.
  • Primary steps for processing minerals include: sampling and analysis, comminution, concentration, and dewatering.

Steps of Mineral Processing

  • Sampling: Removing a portion to represent the whole for analysis
  • Analysis: Evaluating valuable components (chemical, mineralogical, and particle size)
  • Comminution: Crushing or breaking down rock into smaller pieces.
  • Concentration: Separating valuable minerals from raw materials.
  • Dewatering: Converting concentrates into usable minerals.

Concentrating Minerals

Methods of concentrating minerals include: - Optical Separation: Using light to separate minerals based on different properties. - Density Separation: Separating minerals based on density. - Flotation Separation: Using air bubbles to separate hydrophobic materials. - Magnetic Separation: Separating minerals based on magnetic properties. - Electrostatic Separation: Separating minerals based on electrostatic charge.

Wastes in Mining

  • Mining produces significant waste, the vast majority in the form of tailings.
  • Only a small portion of the ore is extracted.

Environmental Cost of Irresponsible Mining

  • Mining impacts air, water, land quality, and local ecosystems.
  • Mining activities can lead to deforestation, and damage to local communities.

Mining Waste Products and Their Management

  • Ways to lessen waste impacts:
    • Apply new extraction technologies.
    • Plan exploration and rehabilitation.
    • Ensure community restoration near mines.
    • Properly managing tailings from ore.
    • Following mining structure regulations.

Key Points

  • Mining significantly impacts the environment (air, water, land).
  • Sustainable mining practices aim to generate minimal waste.
  • Effective solutions to lessen the environmental impact of mining exist.

Check Your Understanding

  • Possible materials for students to identify from the image shown (example): pots, pans, utensils, etc

Challenge Yourself

  • Students need to analyze possible reasons for why sorting by hand is considered ineffective.

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Related Documents

Chapter 2.2 Mineral Resources PDF

Description

Explore the essential role of minerals in everyday life through this quiz focused on their uses in homes, electronics, and industry. Understand the mineral composition of common materials and their historical significance in human development. Test your knowledge on how minerals help shape our society and environment.

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