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What is the main function of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in relation to plant performance?
What is the main function of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in relation to plant performance?
- Provide carbohydrates to plants
- Degrade organic material for nitrogen
- Exchange nutrients with plants, especially phosphorus (correct)
- Protect plants from pathogens
Why do orchid seeds depend on mycorrhizae as seedlings?
Why do orchid seeds depend on mycorrhizae as seedlings?
- To exchange nutrients with the fungi
- To protect from pathogens
- To avoid the costs of photosynthesis (correct)
- To increase water uptake
What is a common characteristic of orchids and Indian Pipes in relation to mycorrhizae?
What is a common characteristic of orchids and Indian Pipes in relation to mycorrhizae?
- They exchange carbohydrates with the fungi
- They remain parasites even as mature plants (correct)
- They protect the plants from pathogens
- They are obligate for fungi
In what type of soils are mycorrhizae most useful?
In what type of soils are mycorrhizae most useful?
What negative effect can occur with the wrong combination of fungi and plants?
What negative effect can occur with the wrong combination of fungi and plants?
What is a characteristic of carnivorous plants in relation to mycorrhizae?
What is a characteristic of carnivorous plants in relation to mycorrhizae?
What is the primary source of nutrients for plants?
What is the primary source of nutrients for plants?
Why is atmospheric nitrogen (N2) useless to most plants?
Why is atmospheric nitrogen (N2) useless to most plants?
Which of the following nutrients are NOT generally absorbed by plant roots?
Which of the following nutrients are NOT generally absorbed by plant roots?
What specialized mechanisms do plants use to absorb mineral nutrients from the soil?
What specialized mechanisms do plants use to absorb mineral nutrients from the soil?
Why is the C:N ratio important in determining soil fertility?
Why is the C:N ratio important in determining soil fertility?
What happens when decomposers retain nitrogen from the soil?
What happens when decomposers retain nitrogen from the soil?
What is the optimal C:N ratio for decomposers?
What is the optimal C:N ratio for decomposers?
Why does the growth of decomposers tend to be limited by N when the C:N ratio is over 25?
Why does the growth of decomposers tend to be limited by N when the C:N ratio is over 25?
Which type of litter decays faster based on the text?
Which type of litter decays faster based on the text?
What are peatlands characterized by?
What are peatlands characterized by?
What might result in the release of stored C from peatlands?
What might result in the release of stored C from peatlands?
Which type of mycorrhizae penetrates the root according to the text?
Which type of mycorrhizae penetrates the root according to the text?
What is a major input of N into ecosystems and soils according to the text?
What is a major input of N into ecosystems and soils according to the text?
Why is the process of biological N fixation poisoned by O2?
Why is the process of biological N fixation poisoned by O2?
'Excess water, low water movement, and reduced microbial activity' are characteristics of what ecosystem according to the text?
'Excess water, low water movement, and reduced microbial activity' are characteristics of what ecosystem according to the text?
'Preserved by the lack of decomposition' is associated with which Iron-age body found in a bog according to the text?
'Preserved by the lack of decomposition' is associated with which Iron-age body found in a bog according to the text?
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