10 Questions
How do many researchers define primary emotions?
As distinct modular systems of emotional processing
What is the alternative proposal to the six primary emotions according to the text?
Adding acceptance and expectancy to the other six
How do researchers on the opposite side of the fence think of emotion, according to the text?
As a single multi-dimensional psychological space
According to Wilhelm Wundt, how many dimensions can emotions be mapped in?
Three dimensions: pleasure, arousal, and strain
What model did Havlena and Holbrook propose for emotion?
Three-dimensional model for emotion
According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, what comes first?
Bodily responses come first, then emotions
Which theory suggests that emotion and physiological response are independent, but not directly connected?
Cannon-Bard theory
In the experiment by Dutton and Aron, what effect did crossing a frightening suspension bridge have on the men?
Made more phone calls to the attractive female experimenter
Which theory does Damasio defend, stating that feelings can be a reflection of body-state changes?
James-Lange theory
Who introduced the theory of multiple intelligences, including emotional intelligence (EQ) as a necessary supplement to traditional intelligence?
Howard Gardner
Study Notes
- The branching theory suggests that emotion and physiological response are independent, but not directly connected.
- Cannon and Bard argued against the James-Lange theory, stating that if emotion were solely physiological, we would have difficulty distinguishing the same physiological response in different emotional contexts.
- Dutton and Aron conducted an experiment where men crossing a frightening suspension bridge produced stories with higher sexual content and made more phone calls to an attractive female experimenter than men crossing a stable bridge.
- The standard picture of emotional processing combines elements of the Cannon-Bard and Schachter-Singer models, with the amygdala identified as the emotional instigator and the prefrontal cortex interpreting and shaping emotional responses.
- Damasio defends James-Lange theory, stating that feelings can be a reflection of body-state changes, and damage to the spinal cord can result in a dampening of emotions.
- Philosophy has long viewed emotion as a threat to rationality, but recent research shows that rationality requires an emotional component.
- Howard Gardner introduced the theory of multiple intelligences, including emotional intelligence (EQ) as a necessary supplement to traditional intelligence.
- James described emotion as a feeling or consciousness, while Thagard defined it as a cognitive process involving attention and appraisal.
- Damasio reported a case study of a patient named Elliot who could not register emotions due to damage to the cortex, resulting in impaired decision-making and loss of personal and social relationships.
- Experimenters have identified a range of emotions, and some may be compounds of others or demand specific contexts.
- Darwins theory suggests that bodily expression of emotion can amplify or intensify the felt emotion, but dampening the bodily response can soften the emotion.
- Examples from personal experience can illustrate how the expression of emotion can affect its intensity, and where it may not be as influential.
Dive into the complex interaction between mind and body through the lens of emotions. Explore the definition and nuances of emotions, and how they serve as a bridge between the mental and physical realms.
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