Milling Mechanisms in Industrial Pharmacy
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Questions and Answers

What is the factor of greatest importance in the operation of the ball mill?

  • The rotation speed (correct)
  • The size of the balls
  • The charge of the mill
  • The material of the balls

At low rotating speeds, what happens to the balls in the ball mill?

  • The balls are thrown out onto the mill wall by centrifugal force
  • The balls remain stationary
  • The balls produce a cascading action
  • The balls move with the drum until the force due to gravity exceeds the frictional force, and then slide back to the base (correct)

At high angular velocities, what happens in the ball mill?

  • The balls are thrown out onto the mill wall by centrifugal force (correct)
  • The balls remain stationary
  • The balls move with the drum until the force due to gravity exceeds the frictional force, and then slide back to the base
  • The balls produce a cascading action

At about two-thirds of the critical angular velocity, what action is produced in the ball mill?

<p>The balls produce a cascading action (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the ball mill?

<p>It is difficult to clean and takes a long time for satisfactory milling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an advantage of the ball mill?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of atmosphere is recommended for milling thermolabile, easily oxidizable, and combustible materials?

<p>Inert atmosphere of carbon dioxide or nitrogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the milling chamber need to be cooled during the milling process?

<p>To prevent the solid material from melting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pretreatment for milling?

<p>To ensure the feed is of proper size and enters uniformly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if the heat generated during milling is not removed?

<p>The material will undergo a phase change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about milling in a closed system with dehumidified air is true?

<p>It prevents explosive reactions in the mill (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to cool the milling chamber during the milling process?

<p>To prevent excessive heat buildup in the material (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What main method of size reduction involves the application of force over a very narrow area of material?

<p>Cutting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which milling method results in the creation of internal stresses in the particle?

<p>Impact (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that causes fracture or cracking of a particle during size reduction?

<p>Energy exceeding the weakest flaw (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a mill imparts energy to the material for size reduction?

<p>Cutting device (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which method of size reduction are surfaces moving relative to each other, resulting in shear forces that break the particles?

<p>Attrition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical pressure range for the air or steam used in a fluid-energy mill?

<p>100 to 150 pounds per square inch (psi) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of residual strain energy in the process of fracture during size reduction?

<p>Supply additional energy required for fracture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which particle size reduction occurs in a fluid-energy mill?

<p>Interparticular attrition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is air typically used as the fluid in a fluid-energy mill rather than steam?

<p>Most pharmaceuticals have a low melting point or are thermolabile. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an important machine-related factor in a fluid-energy mill?

<p>The material of construction of the mill. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key disadvantage of using a fluid-energy mill?

<p>High capital and running costs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of using a fluid-energy mill?

<p>Ability to produce powders with all particles below a few micrometers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary drawback associated with the type of mill described in the text?

<p>The potential for the build-up of compressed product in the mill (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of materials cannot be effectively milled by pressure or impact?

<p>Fibrous materials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the effect of moisture content on the milling process?

<p>Moisture content above 5% hinders comminution and may produce a sticky mass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the choice of equipment for milling?

<p>The physical properties of the material to be milled (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the behavior of friable materials during milling?

<p>Friable materials tend to fracture along well-defined planes and may be milled by attrition, impact, or compression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a wet milling process for materials with high moisture content?

<p>It allows for the milling of materials that cannot be effectively milled dry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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