Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which document outlines the major national security concerns of the United States and how the administration plans to address them using all instruments of national power?
Which document outlines the major national security concerns of the United States and how the administration plans to address them using all instruments of national power?
- National Military Strategy
- National Security Strategy (correct)
- Presidential policy directives
- National Defense Strategy
What act of legislation outlines the requirement for an annual report on the national security strategy of the United States?
What act of legislation outlines the requirement for an annual report on the national security strategy of the United States?
- Title 50, U.S. Code (correct)
- The Department of Defense
- The Joint Chiefs of Staff
- The National Security Council
Which document defines the national interest and goals, the capabilities necessary to implement the strategy, and the short-term and long-term use of the military?
Which document defines the national interest and goals, the capabilities necessary to implement the strategy, and the short-term and long-term use of the military?
- National Military Strategy
- Presidential policy directives
- National Security Strategy (correct)
- National Defense Strategy
Which document is generally prepared every four years and refines the national security strategy into broad military guidance?
Which document is generally prepared every four years and refines the national security strategy into broad military guidance?
Which document establishes a set of overarching defense objectives that guide military activities and the activities of other U.S. Government departments and agencies?
Which document establishes a set of overarching defense objectives that guide military activities and the activities of other U.S. Government departments and agencies?
Who approves the National Defense Strategy?
Who approves the National Defense Strategy?
The National Military Strategy is prepared by whom?
The National Military Strategy is prepared by whom?
What is the primary purpose of the National Military Strategy?
What is the primary purpose of the National Military Strategy?
What does the NMS stand for?
What does the NMS stand for?
What document provides guidance on national military objectives, means, and ways?
What document provides guidance on national military objectives, means, and ways?
Which document is the starting point for all other joint strategic planning system actions?
Which document is the starting point for all other joint strategic planning system actions?
Which document delineates the general geographical area of responsibility (AOR) for geographic combatant commanders?
Which document delineates the general geographical area of responsibility (AOR) for geographic combatant commanders?
Who is responsible for reviewing the UCP every two years?
Who is responsible for reviewing the UCP every two years?
What is the purpose of the Global Force Management Implementation Guidance (GFMIG)?
What is the purpose of the Global Force Management Implementation Guidance (GFMIG)?
What is the name of the document that amplifies guidance for planning, force employment, posture, and future force development of the Armed Forces?
What is the name of the document that amplifies guidance for planning, force employment, posture, and future force development of the Armed Forces?
What document provides guidance on the use of military force in various scenarios?
What document provides guidance on the use of military force in various scenarios?
Which of the following is NOT a type of campaign plan discussed in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a type of campaign plan discussed in the text?
What is the primary role of Combatant Command Campaign Plans (CCPs)?
What is the primary role of Combatant Command Campaign Plans (CCPs)?
What is the primary difference between Global Campaign Plans and Functional Campaign Plans?
What is the primary difference between Global Campaign Plans and Functional Campaign Plans?
Who is responsible for directing functional campaign planning?
Who is responsible for directing functional campaign planning?
Which of these statements accurately describes Regional Campaign Plans?
Which of these statements accurately describes Regional Campaign Plans?
What is the primary purpose of Global Campaign Plans?
What is the primary purpose of Global Campaign Plans?
What is the relationship between Global Campaign Plans and Functional Campaign Plans?
What is the relationship between Global Campaign Plans and Functional Campaign Plans?
What is the key consideration for theater level planning when determining force allocation and tailoring?
What is the key consideration for theater level planning when determining force allocation and tailoring?
What are the advantages of phasing operations?
What are the advantages of phasing operations?
Which of the following does NOT affect the tempo of operations?
Which of the following does NOT affect the tempo of operations?
What is the primary objective of transitions in military operations?
What is the primary objective of transitions in military operations?
What is one way that planning can accelerate tempo in military operations?
What is one way that planning can accelerate tempo in military operations?
What is the primary purpose of phasing operations?
What is the primary purpose of phasing operations?
What does it mean to 'consolidate gains' in the context of military operations?
What does it mean to 'consolidate gains' in the context of military operations?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that typically indicates a change in phase during military operations?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that typically indicates a change in phase during military operations?
What is the primary purpose of defining a military end state?
What is the primary purpose of defining a military end state?
Who is primarily responsible for determining the military end state of a campaign or joint operation?
Who is primarily responsible for determining the military end state of a campaign or joint operation?
What key element of an operation’s end state reflects the existing state of an operational environment (OE)?
What key element of an operation’s end state reflects the existing state of an operational environment (OE)?
How does a clearly defined end state promote unity of effort during an operation?
How does a clearly defined end state promote unity of effort during an operation?
What is a center of gravity in military terms?
What is a center of gravity in military terms?
What is the relationship between a center of gravity and the objective in an operation?
What is the relationship between a center of gravity and the objective in an operation?
How can centers of gravity change during an operation?
How can centers of gravity change during an operation?
Why is it important to understand the concept of centers of gravity during operational planning?
Why is it important to understand the concept of centers of gravity during operational planning?
What is the impact of losing a center of gravity?
What is the impact of losing a center of gravity?
How are decisive points and centers of gravity related?
How are decisive points and centers of gravity related?
Which of these is NOT a characteristic of a decisive point?
Which of these is NOT a characteristic of a decisive point?
What is the primary purpose of conducting a center of gravity analysis?
What is the primary purpose of conducting a center of gravity analysis?
What is the significance of identifying decisive points?
What is the significance of identifying decisive points?
What is the main reason commanders and staffs must understand friendly and enemy strengths, weaknesses, and vulnerabilities?
What is the main reason commanders and staffs must understand friendly and enemy strengths, weaknesses, and vulnerabilities?
What is a possible example of a key terrain decisive point?
What is a possible example of a key terrain decisive point?
Why might the loss of a decisive point expose other decisive points?
Why might the loss of a decisive point expose other decisive points?
Flashcards
National Security Strategy (NSS)
National Security Strategy (NSS)
A report prepared by the Executive Branch outlining U.S. national security concerns and plans.
Annual report requirement
Annual report requirement
The President must submit the NSS annually when the budget is presented or within 150 days after taking office.
National Defense Strategy (NDS)
National Defense Strategy (NDS)
A document approved by the Secretary of Defense detailing the defense approach of the nation.
Defense objectives
Defense objectives
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National Military Strategy (NMS)
National Military Strategy (NMS)
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Presidential policy directives
Presidential policy directives
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Homeland Security Council
Homeland Security Council
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Joint Chiefs of Staff
Joint Chiefs of Staff
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NMS
NMS
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CJCS
CJCS
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Unified Command Plan (UCP)
Unified Command Plan (UCP)
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Contingency Planning Guidance (CPG)
Contingency Planning Guidance (CPG)
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Joint Strategic Campaign Plan (JSCP)
Joint Strategic Campaign Plan (JSCP)
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Global Force Management Implementation Guidance (GFMIG)
Global Force Management Implementation Guidance (GFMIG)
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Deliberate Planning
Deliberate Planning
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Geographic Area of Responsibility (AOR)
Geographic Area of Responsibility (AOR)
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JSCP
JSCP
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Global Campaign Plans
Global Campaign Plans
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Functional Campaign Plans
Functional Campaign Plans
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Regional Campaign Plans
Regional Campaign Plans
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GFMIG
GFMIG
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UCP
UCP
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Center of Gravity
Center of Gravity
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Military End State
Military End State
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Operational Level
Operational Level
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Conditions
Conditions
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Desired Condition
Desired Condition
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Decisive Point
Decisive Point
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Key Terrain
Key Terrain
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Commander’s Intent
Commander’s Intent
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Unity of Effort
Unity of Effort
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Enemy Vulnerabilities
Enemy Vulnerabilities
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Attacking a Center of Gravity
Attacking a Center of Gravity
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Critical Requirements
Critical Requirements
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Variable Center of Gravity
Variable Center of Gravity
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Military Capabilities
Military Capabilities
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Echelons of Warfare
Echelons of Warfare
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Operational Tempo
Operational Tempo
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Consolidate Gains
Consolidate Gains
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Phasing
Phasing
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Transitions
Transitions
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Sustaining Operations
Sustaining Operations
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Initiative
Initiative
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Combat Power
Combat Power
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Resource Constraints
Resource Constraints
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Study Notes
Planning and Operational Art
- Operational art is a continuum from strategic direction to tactical actions, needing broad experience and knowledge.
- Planning connects national objectives, operational approach, and tactical tasks.
- Three levels of warfare exist: strategic, operational, and tactical, each with differing planning horizons and methods.
Strategic Level
- The strategic level determines national (or multinational) strategic security objectives and uses national resources to achieve them.
- Strategy is a set of ideas for using national power to achieve theater, national, or multinational objectives.
- The President, Secretary of Defense, and CJCS shape the strategic direction for the military.
Strategic Guidance
- Key strategic guidance documents include national strategies (like NSS), presidential directives, and strategic plans (like Unified Command Plan).
- They provide direction to the armed forces, aiming for unified action.
National Strategies
- National strategies, such as the National Security Strategy (NSS) and National Defense Strategy (NDS), guide national interests and security concerns.
- The National Military Strategy (NMS) outlines national military objectives and how to achieve them.
Key Strategic Plans
- Unified Command Plan (UCP): sets missions, responsibilities, and geographic areas for combatant commanders.
- Contingency Planning Guidance (CPG): provides direction to the CJCS and commanders.
- Joint Strategic Campaign Plan (JSCP): a five-year strategic plan that supports national interests.
Operational Level
- The operational level plans, conducts, and sustains campaigns and major operations to achieve strategic objectives in theaters.
- Operational art is cognitive approach organizing and employing forces by integrating ends, ways, and means.
- Combatant commands, their components, and joint task forces plan and conduct operations at this level.
Tactical Level
- The tactical level plans and executes battles and engagements to achieve tactical objectives.
- Tactics involve the ordered arrangement, movement, and maneuver of forces in relation to each other.
- Lower echelons (e.g., brigades) engage in tactical planning and execution.
Operational Art
- Operational art integrates ends, ways, and means across all warfare levels.
- It encompasses a cognitive process focused on organizing and employing forces.
- This involves commanders' judgment, experience, and creativity in visualization, description, and understanding of operations.
Elements of Operational Art
- End State and Conditions: Required conditions for achieving mission objectives.
- Center of Gravity: Source of power in an enemy force.
- Decisive Points: Key terrain or events enabling a major advantage.
- Lines of Operations and Lines of Effort: Defining organizational and purpose-driven movement pathways.
- Tempo: Speed and rhythm of military operations.
- Phasing and Transitions: Management of actions in organized phases.
- Operational Reach: The range and duration of a force's capabilities.
- Basing: Location, resources, and support for military operations.
- Risk Assessment: Recognizing, mitigating, and accepting uncertainties in operations.
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